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Co-morbidity and blood group type risk in coronavirus disease 2019 patients: A case-control study

Mohammed Badedi1, Ali Makrami2, Awaji Alnami2

  • 1Administration of Research & Studies, Jazan Health, Saudi Arabia.

Journal of Infection and Public Health
|March 23, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Older age and co-morbidities like diabetes mellitus significantly increase COVID-19 mortality risk. Blood type did not show a significant association with death risk in this Saudi Arabian study.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) poses a significant global health threat.
  • Understanding risk factors for COVID-19 mortality is crucial for effective public health interventions.
  • Co-morbidities and demographic factors may influence COVID-19 outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between co-morbidities, blood group, and mortality risk in COVID-19 patients.
  • To identify independent predictors of mortality among COVID-19 cases in Jazan, Saudi Arabia.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 323 adult COVID-19 patients in Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
  • 108 deceased patients (cases) and 215 recovered patients (controls) were analyzed.
  • Statistical analyses included chi-square tests, t-tests, and logistic regression.

Main Results:

  • Older age (mean 65.4 years) was significantly associated with higher COVID-19 mortality compared to younger patients (mean 39.5 years).
  • Diabetes mellitus (OR=9.4), hypertension (OR=8.6), cardiovascular disease (OR=7.4), chronic kidney disease (OR=3.3), and obesity (OR=2.0) were significant risk factors for mortality.
  • Older age and diabetes mellitus were identified as primary independent predictors of COVID-19 mortality; blood group showed no significant association.

Conclusions:

  • Older age and co-morbidities, particularly diabetes mellitus, are key risk factors for COVID-19 mortality.
  • Future research should focus on establishing causality of death in COVID-19 patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
ABO blood groupsBlood typeCOVID-19ComorbiditySARS-CoV-2

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