Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Phase Transitions: Melting and Freezing02:39

Phase Transitions: Melting and Freezing

13.8K
Heating a crystalline solid increases the average energy of its atoms, molecules, or ions, and the solid gets hotter. At some point, the added energy becomes large enough to partially overcome the forces holding the molecules or ions of the solid in their fixed positions, and the solid begins the process of transitioning to the liquid state or melting. At this point, the temperature of the solid stops rising, despite the continual input of heat, and it remains constant until all of the solid is...
13.8K
Freezing Point Depression and Boiling Point Elevation03:12

Freezing Point Depression and Boiling Point Elevation

38.2K
Boiling Point Elevation
The boiling point of a liquid is the temperature at which its vapor pressure is equal to ambient atmospheric pressure. Since the vapor pressure of a solution is lowered due to the presence of nonvolatile solutes, it stands to reason that the solution’s boiling point will subsequently be increased. Vapor pressure increases with temperature, and so a solution will require a higher temperature than will pure solvent to achieve any given vapor pressure, including one...
38.2K
Cryo-electron Microscopy01:28

Cryo-electron Microscopy

3.9K
Conventional electron microscopy (EM) involves dehydration, fixation, and staining of biological samples, which distorts the native state of biological molecules and results in several artifacts. Also, the high-energy electron beam damages the sample and makes it difficult to obtain high-resolution images. These issues can be addressed using cryo-EM, which uses frozen samples and gentler electron beams. The technique was developed by Jacques Dubochet, Joachim Frank, and Richard Henderson, for...
3.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Pressure-activated disassembly of cryoprotectant supramolecules in isochoric freezing.

Cryobiology·2026
Same author

Thermodynamic analysis of a partial freezing organ preservation protocol.

Cryobiology·2026
Same author

Label-free DNA-sensor modelling based on magnetic induction spectroscopy.

BioTechniques·2026
Same author

The effect of vibration and acceleration on the stability of isochoric (constant volume) supercooled aqueous systems.

Medical engineering & physics·2026
Same author

Coaxial temperature controlled cryoprinting: A biomimetic technology inspired by the freezing survival mechanisms of the frog Ranasylvatica.

Cryobiology·2025
Same author

Cloud-Based Personalized sEMG Classification Using Lightweight CNNs for Long-Term Haptic Communication in Deaf-Blind Individuals.

Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 11, 2025

Bulk Droplet Vitrification for Primary Hepatocyte Preservation
11:07

Bulk Droplet Vitrification for Primary Hepatocyte Preservation

Published on: October 25, 2019

5.8K

Mass transfer into biological matter using isochoric freezing.

Boris Rubinsky1

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, University of California Berkeley, 94720, Berkeley, CA, USA.

Cryobiology
|March 24, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel isochoric freezing protocol for cryopreservation. This method facilitates high cryoprotectant concentration transport into cells, enhancing cryoprotection by reducing toxicity at lower temperatures.

Keywords:
CryoprotectantsIsochoric freezingMass transfer

More Related Videos

Rapid Fractionation and Isolation of Whole Blood Components in Samples Obtained from a Community-based Setting
11:31

Rapid Fractionation and Isolation of Whole Blood Components in Samples Obtained from a Community-based Setting

Published on: November 30, 2015

16.3K
Manual Blot-and-Plunge Freezing of Biological Specimens for Single-Particle Cryogenic Electron Microscopy
09:16

Manual Blot-and-Plunge Freezing of Biological Specimens for Single-Particle Cryogenic Electron Microscopy

Published on: February 7, 2022

6.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 11, 2025

Bulk Droplet Vitrification for Primary Hepatocyte Preservation
11:07

Bulk Droplet Vitrification for Primary Hepatocyte Preservation

Published on: October 25, 2019

5.8K
Rapid Fractionation and Isolation of Whole Blood Components in Samples Obtained from a Community-based Setting
11:31

Rapid Fractionation and Isolation of Whole Blood Components in Samples Obtained from a Community-based Setting

Published on: November 30, 2015

16.3K
Manual Blot-and-Plunge Freezing of Biological Specimens for Single-Particle Cryogenic Electron Microscopy
09:16

Manual Blot-and-Plunge Freezing of Biological Specimens for Single-Particle Cryogenic Electron Microscopy

Published on: February 7, 2022

6.9K

Area of Science:

  • Cryobiology
  • Biophysics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Cryopreservation aims to preserve biological matter at low temperatures.
  • Traditional methods like isobaric freezing face challenges with cryoprotectant toxicity and delivery.
  • Isochoric freezing offers an alternative approach by maintaining a portion of the system in a liquid state.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To theoretically investigate a protocol for enhanced cryoprotectant transport into biological matter.
  • To explore the application of isochoric freezing for high-concentration cryoprotectant delivery.
  • To leverage thermodynamic principles for improved cryopreservation outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical modeling of an isochoric freezing system.
  • Analysis of solute transport along the liquidus line (water-ice equilibrium).
  • Simulation of cryoprotectant concentration changes with decreasing temperature.

Main Results:

  • The proposed isochoric freezing protocol enables progressive increase in cryoprotectant concentration in the unfrozen solution.
  • Ice formation along the liquidus line drives solute rejection, concentrating cryoprotectants.
  • Lowering temperatures reduces cryoprotectant toxicity, facilitating higher intracellular concentrations.

Conclusions:

  • Isochoric freezing provides a viable theoretical framework for achieving high cryoprotectant concentrations.
  • This method has the potential to improve the efficacy and safety of cryopreservation.
  • Further experimental validation is warranted to confirm the theoretical findings.