Serum biomarkers confirming stable remission in inflammatory bowel disease
Christoph Kessel1, Miha Lavric1,2, Toni Weinhage1
1Pediatric Rheumatology and Immunology, University Hospital Muenster, Domagkstr. 3, 48149, Muenster, Germany.
Insights
Identifying blood biomarkers can help predict relapses in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). This study found elevated levels of certain cytokines and S100A8/A9 in IBD patients before flares, aiding in disease control.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Immunology
- Biomarker Discovery
Background:
- Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are chronic conditions requiring careful management.
- Achieving and maintaining disease remission is crucial for optimal patient outcomes.
- Assessing the risk of relapse in individual IBD patients remains a clinical challenge.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify blood-based biomarkers for confirming disease remission and predicting relapse risk in IBD patients.
- To investigate serum biomarker profiles associated with disease stability versus impending flares.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of serum samples from 40 IBD patients (30 UC, 10 CD) in a tight-control follow-up study.
- Utilized a bead-based multiplex assay to analyze 50 biomarkers, including S100A12 and S100A8/A9.
- Compared biomarker concentrations between patients with stable remission and those experiencing flares.
Main Results:
- Significant differences in 9 cytokines/chemokines and S100A8/A9 were observed between IBD patients with unstable versus stable remission.
- ROC curve analyses indicated that elevated levels of specific biomarkers (e.g., IL-1β, IL-8, CXCL10, S100A8/A9) were associated with later relapses.
- This broad screening approach identified potential indicators of unstable disease control.
Conclusions:
- Serum biomarkers, including specific cytokines and S100A8/A9, show potential for indicating unstable disease control in IBD.
- These findings may assist in tailoring individual therapies to maintain remission and prevent relapses.
- Further validation in larger cohorts is warranted to confirm the clinical utility of these biomarkers.
Abstract:
Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) have a chronic-remittent course. Optimal management of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) relies on early intervention, treat-to-target strategies and a tight disease control. However, it is challenging to assess the risk of relapses in individual patients. We investigated blood-based biomarkers for the confirmation of disease remission in patients with IBD. We retrospectively analyzed samples of 40 IBD patients (30 UC, 10 CD) enrolled in a tight-control follow-up study. Half of the patients had a flare during follow up. Serum was analyzed for S100A12 as well as S100A8/A9 and for 50 further biomarkers in a bead-based multiplex assay. The concentrations of 9 cytokines/chemokines and S100A8/A9 significantly differed in IBD patients with unstable remission (before flares) when compared to IBD patients with stable remission. Although the number of patients was small, ROC curve analyses revealed a number of biomarkers (IL-1β, IL-1RA, IL-8, IL13, IL-15, IL-21, IL-25, IFN-β, CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, Galectin-1, G-CSF and S100A8/A9) that were elevated in patients with later occurring relapses. While earlier studies on peripheral biomarkers in IBD are limited to only few analytes, our study using a broad screening approach identified serum biomarkers with the potential to indicate unstable disease control in IBD, which may help to steer individual therapies to maintain remission.
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