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Understanding the process for developing sleep disorders among Japanese workers: a qualitative study.

Ayako Toyoshima1, Michiko Moriyama1, Hidehisa Yamashita1

  • 1Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.

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Psychosocial factors significantly impact worker sleep disorders through a four-stage process, from early warning signs to failed coping mechanisms. Understanding these triggers is key for occupational health nurses to implement preventative strategies.

Keywords:
Occupational healthPsychosocial factorsSleep disordersWorkers

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Psychosocial Factors

Background:

  • Sleep disorders negatively affect worker health and economic productivity.
  • The psychosocial pathways leading to sleep disorders remain largely unexplored.
  • This study investigates the development of sleep disorders in workers concerning psychosocial conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the developmental process of sleep disorders in workers.
  • To identify psychosocial conditions contributing to sleep disorder onset.
  • To provide a framework for understanding sleep disorder etiology in the workplace.

Main Methods:

  • Qualitative content analysis of semi-structured interviews.
  • Involved 27 workers (14 males, 13 females) with diagnosed or self-reported sleep difficulties.
  • Snowball sampling from a specialized clinic and communities, adhering to SRQR guidelines.

Main Results:

  • Identified a four-step process in sleep disorder development.
  • Step 1: 'Early warning signs' linked to 11 trigger categories.
  • Step 2: 'Aggravating factors' exacerbated initial signs.
  • Step 3: Workers employed coping strategies.
  • Step 4: Failure of coping mechanisms led to established sleep disorders.

Conclusions:

  • The study reveals the developmental trajectory of sleep disorders influenced by psychosocial factors.
  • Key triggers and progression stages were identified.
  • Findings offer practical insights for occupational health nurses in preventing worker sleep disorders.