Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory01:14

Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory

739
The cerebellum, while traditionally associated with motor control, also plays a crucial role in memory, particularly in procedural memory, which involves learning motor tasks that become automatic through repetition. For example, studies have shown that when the cerebellum is damaged, individuals or animals lose the ability to learn conditioned motor responses, such as the conditioned eye-blink response in classical conditioning experiments with rabbits. This study demonstrates the...
739
Major Somatic Sensory Pathways01:28

Major Somatic Sensory Pathways

1.6K
Sensory impulses related to touch, pressure, vibration, and proprioception from various body parts, such as the limbs, trunk, neck, and posterior head, travel to the cerebral cortex through the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway. The pathway’s name derives from the two white-matter tracts that convey the impulses: the spinal cord's posterior column and the brainstem's medial lemniscus. First-order sensory neurons extend their axons into the spinal cord, forming the...
1.6K
Neural Regulation01:37

Neural Regulation

41.2K
Digestion begins with a cephalic phase that prepares the digestive system to receive food. When our brain processes visual or olfactory information about food, it triggers impulses in the cranial nerves innervating the salivary glands and stomach to prepare for food.
41.2K
Cerebellum: Anatomical Regions01:17

Cerebellum: Anatomical Regions

3.1K
The cerebellum, also known as the "little brain," is located in the posterior cranial fossa, inferior to the tentorium cerebelli and dorsal to the brainstem. It plays a significant role in motor control, coordination, and proprioception.
Cerebellar Structure
Externally, the cerebellum features a highly convoluted surface with numerous folia (narrow ridges) separated by shallow sulci (grooves). The cerebellum is divided into two hemispheres by a thin median structure known as the vermis. The...
3.1K
Cognitive Development During Adulthood01:30

Cognitive Development During Adulthood

472
Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
472
Parkinson's Disease: Overview01:15

Parkinson's Disease: Overview

1.1K
Neurodegenerative disorders are progressive diseases that cause irreversible damage and loss to neurons in specific brain areas. Examples of these disorders include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). These disorders share characteristics such as proteinopathies, selective neuronal vulnerability, and a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The primary therapeutic goal for these conditions is...
1.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Human cerebellum and ventral tegmental area interact during extinction of learned fear.

eLife·2026
Same author

Vibrotactile stimulation induces changes in basal ganglia output, cervical muscle activity, and head posture in a patient with cervical dystonia.

Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology·2026
Same author

Clinical telemonitoring and telerehabilitation of cognition in rare neurological diseases: a scoping review.

Journal of neurology·2026
Same author

Cerebellar Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation in the Theta Band Prevents Recall of the Initial Fear Association After Extinction Training.

Human brain mapping·2026
Same author

A Severity-Agnostic Atrophy Pattern in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3: Volumetrics from ENIGMA-Ataxia.

Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society·2026
Same author

Cerebellar gray matter volume changes across development: Posterolateral and vermal transient increases during adolescence.

Behavioural brain research·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 11, 2025

A Standardized Pipeline for Examining Human Cerebellar Grey Matter Morphometry using Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging
11:50

A Standardized Pipeline for Examining Human Cerebellar Grey Matter Morphometry using Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: February 4, 2022

4.3K

Neurostructural changes and declining sensorimotor function due to cerebellar cortical degeneration.

Rossitza Draganova1, Viktor Pfaffenrot2, Katharina M Steiner1

  • 1Department of Neurology, Essen University Medical Center, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.

Journal of Neurophysiology
|March 24, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Cerebellar degeneration causes motor deficits and reduced gray matter in the cerebellar cortex. Compensatory gray matter increases were observed in motor control areas, suggesting a brain response to neurodegeneration.

Keywords:
ataxiacerebellumhumanmotor controlproprioception

More Related Videos

Cerebellar Regional Dissection for Molecular Analysis
08:51

Cerebellar Regional Dissection for Molecular Analysis

Published on: December 5, 2020

5.1K
Evaluation of Hemisphere Lateralization with Bilateral Local Field Potential Recording in Secondary Motor Cortex of Mice
07:03

Evaluation of Hemisphere Lateralization with Bilateral Local Field Potential Recording in Secondary Motor Cortex of Mice

Published on: July 31, 2019

7.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 11, 2025

A Standardized Pipeline for Examining Human Cerebellar Grey Matter Morphometry using Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging
11:50

A Standardized Pipeline for Examining Human Cerebellar Grey Matter Morphometry using Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: February 4, 2022

4.3K
Cerebellar Regional Dissection for Molecular Analysis
08:51

Cerebellar Regional Dissection for Molecular Analysis

Published on: December 5, 2020

5.1K
Evaluation of Hemisphere Lateralization with Bilateral Local Field Potential Recording in Secondary Motor Cortex of Mice
07:03

Evaluation of Hemisphere Lateralization with Bilateral Local Field Potential Recording in Secondary Motor Cortex of Mice

Published on: July 31, 2019

7.0K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Cerebellar degeneration is a progressive condition affecting motor control.
  • The brain's compensatory mechanisms for cerebellar neuronal loss remain poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate cerebro-cerebellar network compensation in cerebellar cortical degeneration.
  • To correlate neurostructural changes with motor performance deficits.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed visuomotor performance in 30 individuals with ataxia and 30 controls using a forearm-pointing task.
  • Utilized MRI to measure gray matter volume (GMV) changes in the cerebro-cerebellar network.
  • Correlated GMV with motor performance markers like relative joint position error (RJPE).

Main Results:

  • Individuals with ataxia showed significantly greater motor errors (RJPE) for all targets.
  • Ataxia group exhibited reduced cerebellar cortex GMV but increased GMV in deep cerebellar nuclei.
  • Motor error correlated negatively with cerebellar GMV and positively with increased GMV in supplementary motor area (SMA) and premotor cortex.

Conclusions:

  • Cerebellar degeneration leads to structural brain changes beyond neuronal loss.
  • Increased GMV in cerebellar output nuclei and secondary motor cortex may represent a central compensatory response.
  • These findings shed light on the brain's adaptation to cerebellar neurodegeneration.