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Circulating PGLYRP1 Levels as a Potential Biomarker for Coronary Artery Disease and Heart Failure
Yanxin Han1, Sha Hua2, Yanjia Chen1
1Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China ; and.
Insights
Serum peptidoglycan recognition protein 1 (PGLYRP1) shows promise as a biomarker for diagnosing coronary artery disease (CAD) and heart failure (HF). Higher PGLYRP1 levels correlate with disease severity and may aid in early detection.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Biomarker Discovery
- Innate Immunity
Background:
- Coronary artery disease (CAD) and heart failure (HF) are leading causes of mortality globally.
- Current diagnostic methods lack sufficient efficiency, highlighting the need for novel biomarkers.
- Peptidoglycan recognition protein 1 (PGLYRP1), part of the innate immunity system, is explored for its diagnostic potential.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the diagnostic utility of serum PGLYRP1 for coronary artery disease (CAD) and heart failure (HF).
- To investigate the association of PGLYRP1 with cardiovascular disease markers and inflammation.
- To explore potential causal links between elevated PGLYRP1 and cardiovascular impairment.
Main Methods:
- A machine-learning approach (random forest) was employed to analyze serum PGLYRP1 levels in 370 individuals.
- Comparison of PGLYRP1 levels between patients with CAD, acute coronary syndrome, HF, and healthy controls.
- Cardiovascular function and lesion assessment in ApoE-/- mice treated with recombinant PGLYRP1.
Main Results:
- Serum PGLYRP1 levels were significantly elevated in individuals with CAD and acute coronary syndrome compared to controls.
- PGLYRP1 levels were even higher in CAD patients with concomitant HF, outperforming established clinical indicators.
- PGLYRP1 showed a stronger association with HF biomarkers (e.g., left ventricular ejection fraction) than with inflammation markers.
- PGLYRP1 treatment in mice led to increased atherogenic lesions and reduced left ventricular function.
Conclusions:
- Circulating PGLYRP1 levels serve as a valuable and effective biomarker for the diagnosis of both CAD and HF.
- PGLYRP1's diagnostic performance for CAD surpasses current clinical indicators.
- Elevated PGLYRP1 is linked to cardiovascular impairment, suggesting a potential role in disease pathogenesis.
Abstract:
Coronary artery disease (CAD) and associated comorbidities such as heart failure (HF) remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide attributed to, at least partially, the lack of biomarkers for efficient disease diagnosis. Here, we evaluated the diagnostic potential of serum peptidoglycan recognition protein 1 (PGLYRP1), an important component of the innate immunity and inflammation system, for both CAD and HF. A machine-learning method (random forest) was used to evaluate the clinical utility of circulating PGLYRP1 for diagnosis of CAD and HF in a total of 370 individuals. Causal links of chronic serum PGLYRP1 elevation to both diseases were further explored in ApoE-/- mice. The serum levels of PGLYRP1 were significantly higher in individuals with either chronic CAD or acute coronary syndrome than those in those without coronary artery stenosis (the control group) and even more pronounced in CAD individuals with concomitant HF. Our random forest classifier revealed that this protein performed better than other recommended clinical indicators in distinguishing the CAD from the control individuals. In addition, this protein associates more with the biomarkers of HF including left ventricular ejection fraction than inflammation. Notably, our mice experiment indicated that long-term treatment with recombinant PGLYRP1 could significantly impair the cardiovascular system as reflected from both increased atherogenic lesions and reduced fractional shortening of the left ventricle. Our findings, therefore, supported the circulating levels of PGLYRP1 as a valuable biomarker for both CAD and HF.
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