Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Design Example: Deciding Thickness of Lubricating Fluid in a Shaft01:23

Design Example: Deciding Thickness of Lubricating Fluid in a Shaft

209
Effective lubrication between a rotating shaft and its bearing housing is essential in rotating machinery to minimize friction, wear, and energy loss. With carefully controlled thickness and viscosity, the lubricant layer prevents metal-to-metal contact, ensuring smooth operation.
To calculate the required thickness of the lubricant layer, the tangential velocity at the shaft's surface must first be determined. This velocity is calculated by converting the rotational speed to angular velocity...
209
Structural Joints: Synovial Joints01:16

Structural Joints: Synovial Joints

5.5K
Synovial joints are the most common type of joint in the body. A key structural characteristic for a synovial joint is the presence of a joint cavity. This fluid-filled space is where the articulating surfaces of the bones contact each other. Also, unlike fibrous or cartilaginous joints, the articulating bone surfaces at a synovial joint are not directly connected to each other with fibrous connective tissue or cartilage. This gives the bones of a synovial joint the ability to move smoothly...
5.5K
Fatigue01:21

Fatigue

376
Fatigue occurs when materials rupture under repeated or fluctuating loads, even at stress levels far below their static breaking strength. It typically results in brittle failure, even for ductile materials. It is a critical consideration in designing machines and structural components subjected to repetitive or varying loads. The nature of these loadings can range from fluctuating loads like unbalanced pump impellers causing vibrations to repeatedly bending a thin steel rod wire back and forth...
376
Knee Joint01:23

Knee Joint

2.8K
The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris...
2.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Strain Evolution and Mutations in Western Australia in the Context of Nirsevimab Prophylaxis.

Open forum infectious diseases·2025
Same author

Determinants of respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus transmission.

Clinical microbiology reviews·2025
Same author

Genetic diversity of Murray Valley encephalitis virus 1951-2020 identified via phylogenetic and evolutionary analyses.

PLoS neglected tropical diseases·2025
Same author

Global epidemiology, seasonality and climatic drivers of the four human parainfluenza virus types.

The Journal of infection·2025
Same author

Presentation of Asymptomatic Ebstein's Anomaly: A Case Report.

Cureus·2025
Same author

Independent repeated mutations within the alphaviruses Ross River virus and Barmah Forest virus indicates convergent evolution and past positive selection in ancestral populations despite ongoing purifying selection.

Virus evolution·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 11, 2025

Biotribological Testing and Analysis of Articular Cartilage Sliding against Metal for Implants
09:08

Biotribological Testing and Analysis of Articular Cartilage Sliding against Metal for Implants

Published on: May 14, 2020

4.0K

A Probabilistic Failure Risk Approach to The Problem of Articular Cartilage Lubrication.

JinJing Liao1, David W Smith2, Saeed Miramini1

  • 1Department of Infrastructure Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.

Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine
|March 24, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cartilage lubrication is complex, influenced by glycoaminoglycan (GAG) content. Higher GAG enhances lubrication via polymer brush borders but can impair it by increasing asperity stiffness, highlighting the need for probabilistic analysis.

Keywords:
Articular cartilageContact modellingJoint lubricationMonte Carlo simulationProbabilistic approach

More Related Videos

A Friction Testing-Bioreactor Device for Study of Synovial Joint Biomechanics, Mechanobiology, and Physical Regulation
09:48

A Friction Testing-Bioreactor Device for Study of Synovial Joint Biomechanics, Mechanobiology, and Physical Regulation

Published on: June 2, 2022

3.2K
A Reproducible Cartilage Impact Model to Generate Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis in the Rabbit
08:42

A Reproducible Cartilage Impact Model to Generate Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis in the Rabbit

Published on: November 21, 2023

1.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 11, 2025

Biotribological Testing and Analysis of Articular Cartilage Sliding against Metal for Implants
09:08

Biotribological Testing and Analysis of Articular Cartilage Sliding against Metal for Implants

Published on: May 14, 2020

4.0K
A Friction Testing-Bioreactor Device for Study of Synovial Joint Biomechanics, Mechanobiology, and Physical Regulation
09:48

A Friction Testing-Bioreactor Device for Study of Synovial Joint Biomechanics, Mechanobiology, and Physical Regulation

Published on: June 2, 2022

3.2K
A Reproducible Cartilage Impact Model to Generate Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis in the Rabbit
08:42

A Reproducible Cartilage Impact Model to Generate Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis in the Rabbit

Published on: November 21, 2023

1.4K

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Biophysics
  • Tribology

Background:

  • Cartilage lubrication is crucial for joint health but is affected by uncertain and variable geometrical and mechanical properties.
  • The influence of these uncertainties on cartilage lubrication remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To numerically investigate the impact of surficial cartilage glycoaminoglycan (GAG) content on joint lubrication using a probabilistic approach.
  • To explore the correlated effects of GAG concentration on gap asperity stiffness and polymer brush border (PBB) thickness in maintaining hydrodynamic lubrication.

Main Methods:

  • Generated correlated sampling data using Monte Carlo simulation.
  • Employed a cartilage contact model incorporating tension-compression nonlinearity, aggrecan-dependent permeability, and compressive modulus.
  • Included fluid flow resistance effects of PBB and assessed lubrication via hydrodynamic lubrication degree after 30 minutes of constant loading.

Main Results:

  • Increased PBB thickness with GAG concentration enhances hydrodynamic lubrication.
  • Increased asperity stiffness with GAG concentration impairs hydrodynamic lubrication.
  • Higher GAG content can lead to increased aggrecan shedding, resulting in a thicker PBB and enhanced lubrication, but also stiffer asperities, potentially impairing lubrication.

Conclusions:

  • Cartilage lubrication performance is variable and depends on physiological conditions.
  • The interconnectedness of variables makes joint lubrication outcomes difficult to predict.
  • A probabilistic approach is essential for accurate evaluations of joint lubrication performance by accounting for uncertainties.