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Mosquito-repellent controlled-release formulations for fighting infectious diseases.

António B Mapossa1,2, Walter W Focke3,4, Robert K Tewo5

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Applied Materials , University of Pretoria, Lynnwood Road, Pretoria, South Africa. mapossabenjox@gmail.com.

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New controlled-release repellent formulations offer improved, long-lasting protection against mosquitoes. This review explores advanced delivery systems and mathematical models for effective mosquito-borne disease control.

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Kinetic modelMalariaMosquito repellent, controlled‐release formulationsVector control

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Entomology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Malaria and other mosquito-borne diseases pose significant public health risks globally.
  • Current personal repellents have limited long-term efficacy, requiring frequent reapplication.
  • Controlled-release repellent systems offer a promising alternative for sustained protection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review repellent controlled-release formulations for mosquito-borne disease control.
  • To investigate mathematical models governing repellent release kinetics.
  • To highlight the potential of advanced repellent systems for public health improvement.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of controlled-release repellent technologies.
  • Analysis of various encapsulation matrices: polymer microcapsules, micelles, nanoemulsions, liposomes, etc.
  • In-depth discussion of mathematical models (Higuchi, Korsmeyer-Peppas, Weibull, Mapossa) for release rate prediction.

Main Results:

  • Encapsulation technologies enable sustained release of repellents, overcoming limitations of conventional products.
  • Mathematical models provide frameworks for understanding and optimizing repellent release profiles.
  • Diverse formulations show potential for effective mosquito vector control.

Conclusions:

  • Controlled-release repellent systems represent a significant advancement in combating mosquito-borne diseases like malaria.
  • Optimized formulations can provide long-lasting protection, reducing disease transmission.
  • These technologies contribute to improved public health by offering broader protection against various mosquito vectors.