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Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...

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A Novel Microdissection Approach to Recovering Mycobacterium tuberculosis Specific Transcripts from Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded Lung Granulomas

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Identification of Reduced Host Transcriptomic Signatures for Tuberculosis Disease and Digital PCR-Based Validation

Harriet D Gliddon^1,2, Myrsini Kaforou¹, Mary Alikian^3,4

¹Section of Paediatrics, Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.

Frontiers in Immunology

|March 25, 2021

Summary

New gene expression signatures in whole blood can diagnose tuberculosis (TB). Researchers identified minimal transcript sets using RT-dPCR, offering a promising tool for rapid TB diagnostics.

Keywords:

biomarkers dPCR gene expression signatures transcriptomics tuberculosis

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Area of Science:

Genomics
Molecular Diagnostics
Infectious Disease Research

Background:

Host whole blood gene expression signatures show promise for tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis.
Absolute quantification of signature transcripts is crucial for diagnostic test development but has not been reported.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify minimal transcript signatures for TB diagnosis.
To validate these signatures using quantitative methods like RT-digital PCR (dPCR).

Main Methods:

Applied a transcript selection procedure to microarray data from 536 African adults (TB, other diseases (OD), latent TB (LTBI)).
Utilized reverse transcriptase (RT)-digital PCR (dPCR) to investigate selected signatures.
Validated signatures across platforms and samples.

Main Results:

A four-transcript signature (GBP6, TMCC1, PRDM1, ARG1) distinguished TB from OD with 93.8% AUC.
A three-transcript signature (FCGR1A, ZNF296, C1QB) differentiated TB from LTBI with 97.3% AUC, irrespective of HIV status.

Conclusions:

Identified minimal, quantitative gene expression signatures for TB diagnosis.
Validated signatures demonstrate strong potential as diagnostic biomarkers for TB.