The future of neuromodulation: smart neuromodulation

Area of Science:

• Neuromodulation
• Neurotechnology
• Artificial Intelligence

Background:

• The International Neuromodulation Society defines neuromodulation as altering nerve activity via targeted stimuli.
• Increasingly complex implantable neuromodulation systems with closed-loop capabilities are emerging.
• The need for upgradability in these systems is driven by novel stimulation designs.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose a vision for neuromodulation in the near-to-far future (5-10 years).
• To outline the integration of adaptive network neuromodulation with predictive artificial intelligence.
• To describe a phased approach towards a fully autonomous brain-stimulator-cloud interface.

Main Methods:

• Expert opinion on future trends in neuromodulation.
• Conceptualization of adaptive network neuromodulation.
• Integration of predictive artificial intelligence with sensor data and cloud-based control.

Main Results:

• Neuromodulation systems will become adaptive and predictive, leveraging AI.
• Automated adjustments will be driven by brain and external sensors.
• A phased introduction will lead to a fully autonomous brain-stimulator-cloud interface.

Conclusions:

• Future neuromodulation (5-10 years) will feature AI integration for adaptive control.
• This technology may evolve into a brain with integrated artificial intelligence in the long term (>10 years).
• The proposed system represents a significant advancement in neurotechnology and personalized medicine.