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Related Concept Videos

Diffusion01:12

Diffusion

212.2K
Diffusion is the passive movement of substances down their concentration gradients—requiring no expenditure of cellular energy. Substances, such as molecules or ions, diffuse from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration in the cytosol or across membranes. Eventually, the concentration will even out, with the substance moving randomly but causing no net change in concentration. Such a state is called dynamic equilibrium, which is essential for maintaining overall...
212.2K
Diffusion01:21

Diffusion

5.8K
Diffusion is a type of passive transport. In passive transport, a substance tends to move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until the concentration is equal across the space. For example, take the diffusion of substances through the air. When someone opens a perfume bottle in a room filled with people, the perfume is at its highest concentration in the bottle and is at its lowest at the edges of the room. The perfume vapor will diffuse, or spread away, from the...
5.8K
Passive Diffusion: Overview and Kinetics01:17

Passive Diffusion: Overview and Kinetics

1.0K
Passive diffusion is a critical process that allows small lipophilic drugs to cross the cell membrane along a concentration gradient. This mechanism's efficiency depends on four primary factors: the membrane's surface area, the drug's lipid-water partition coefficient, the concentration gradient, and the membrane's thickness.
When administered orally, drugs establish a substantial concentration gradient between the gastrointestinal (GI) lumen and the bloodstream, expediting...
1.0K
Protein Diffusion in the Membrane01:24

Protein Diffusion in the Membrane

5.1K
Proteins show rotational as well as lateral diffusion across the membrane. The lateral diffusion of proteins was confirmed through the cell fusion experiment where mouse and human cells were fused, resulting in hybrid cells. When the human and mouse cells fused, the specific membrane proteins on human and mouse cells were marked with the red and green-fluorescent markers, respectively. Initially, the red and green fluorescence was located on the respective hemisphere of the cell. As time...
5.1K
Theories of Dissolution: Diffusion Layer Model01:15

Theories of Dissolution: Diffusion Layer Model

1.3K
Dissolution, the process by which drug particles dissolve in a solvent, is explained by the diffusion layer model, a theoretical framework that simulates the absorption of oral drugs and allows us to analyze experimental data.
This process starts with a thin layer, saturated with the drug, forming at the interface between the solid and liquid. The solute then diffuses from this layer into the main solution. The Noyes-Whitney equation suggests that the rate of dissolution relies on the diffusion...
1.3K
Dynamic Equilibrium02:20

Dynamic Equilibrium

58.9K
A reversible chemical reaction represents a chemical process that proceeds in both forward (left to right) and reverse (right to left) directions. When the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal, the concentrations of the reactant and product species remain constant over time and the system is at equilibrium. A special double arrow is used to emphasize the reversible nature of the reaction. The relative concentrations of reactants and products in equilibrium systems vary greatly;...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 11, 2025

The Diffusion of Passive Tracers in Laminar Shear Flow
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The Diffusion of Passive Tracers in Laminar Shear Flow

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Dynamics of Competitive Systems with Diffusion Between Source-Sink Patches.

Hong Wu1, Yuanshi Wang2

  • 1School of Mathematics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China.

Bulletin of Mathematical Biology
|March 25, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diffusion can reverse competitive exclusion, allowing a mobile species to persist, increase abundance, and even eliminate competitors. This challenges traditional ecological principles and has conservation implications.

Keywords:
CooperationDispersalLyapunov stabilityMonotone dynamical systemPrinciple of competitive exclusion

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 11, 2025

The Diffusion of Passive Tracers in Laminar Shear Flow
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Area of Science:

  • Mathematical Biology
  • Theoretical Ecology
  • Dynamical Systems

Background:

  • Competitive exclusion principle dictates that similar species cannot coexist.
  • Species interactions are influenced by spatial dynamics and diffusion.
  • Understanding species persistence in patchy environments is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze persistence and stability in two-species competitive systems with diffusion.
  • To investigate how diffusion alters competitive exclusion dynamics.
  • To explore novel outcomes like bi-stability and competitor extinction.

Main Methods:

  • Monotone dynamical systems analysis.
  • Rigorous mathematical modeling of inter-patch diffusion.
  • Stability analysis of ecological equilibria.

Main Results:

  • Diffusion can lead to the persistence of a mobile competitor in a sink environment.
  • Total species abundance is a complex function of diffusion rates.
  • New forms of bi-stability and competitor exclusion were demonstrated.
  • A diffusion strategy for maximizing competitor abundance was identified.

Conclusions:

  • Diffusion can fundamentally alter ecological competition outcomes, challenging the traditional competitive exclusion principle.
  • Spatial dynamics, including diffusion rates and asymmetry, are critical factors in species coexistence and dominance.
  • Findings offer insights for biodiversity conservation and economic competition strategies.