Qualitative and quantitative observations on the structure of the Schwann cells in myelinated fibres

Various morphological features of the Schwann cells of myelinated fibres in the lizard thoracic spinal roots were studied, and, when possible, quantified using morphometric methods. About 0.8% of the Schwann cells are binucleate and some display clusters of microvilli along the internodes. The percentages of the cytoplasmic area of the Schwann cell occupied by the following cytoplasmic components were determined: mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, granular endoplasmic reticulum, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, multivesicular bodies, dense bodies, autophagic vacuoles, peroxisome-like bodies, lipofuscin granules and lipid droplets. Linear relationships were found between the sectional areas of the mitochondria and granular endoplasmic reticulum of the Schwann cell and both the length of the profile of the Schwann cell plasma membrane and the size of the related axon. The results obtained are compatible both with the hypothesis that the mitochondria and granular endoplasmic reticulum of the Schwann cell are involved in the production and storage of proteins for the plasma membrane of this cell, and with the hypothesis that these organelles are involved in the production and storage of protein metabolites which are subsequently transferred to the related axons.