Inhaled antibodies: formulations require specific development to overcome instability due to nebulization

Area of Science:

• Pharmaceutical Sciences
• Biotechnology
• Respiratory Medicine

Background:

• Respiratory infections pose significant health risks, with therapeutic antibodies offering potential before vaccine availability.
• Inhaled antibody delivery targets respiratory infections directly, potentially improving efficacy over intravenous (IV) administration.
• Protein instability during aerosolization is a key challenge for inhaled antibody formulations.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess the suitability of existing intravenous (IV) antibody formulations for inhalation delivery.
• To investigate the aerosol characteristics and aggregation of IV-formulated antibodies post-nebulization.

Main Methods:

• Evaluated three antibody (Ab) formulations intended for IV injection.
• Nebulized formulations using two distinct mesh nebulizers.
• Assessed aerosol properties and antibody aggregation profiles.

Main Results:

• Antibody formulations for IV injection were compatible with mesh nebulization and respiratory tract deposition.
• Antibodies exhibited greater instability during nebulization compared to vigorous shaking.
• Existing IV formulations are not readily repurposed for inhalation delivery without modification.

Conclusions:

• Antibody formulations optimized for intravenous delivery may not be directly suitable for inhalation.
• Specific formulation development is crucial for ensuring the stability and efficacy of inhaled antibodies.
• This highlights the need for tailored approaches in developing inhaled antibody therapies for respiratory infections.