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Social value orientation modulates fairness processing during social decision-making: evidence from behavior and
1Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China.
Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience
|March 26, 2021
Summary
Social value orientation (SVO) influences fairness. Prosocial individuals exhibit stronger neural responses to unfairness and reject unfair offers more often than proself individuals.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Social Psychology
- Decision Science
Background:
- Social value orientation (SVO) describes stable individual differences in fairness perceptions.
- Understanding the neural mechanisms underlying fairness in social decision-making is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate behavioral and neural differences in fairness decision-making between prosocial and proself individuals.
- To explore the role of event-related potentials (ERPs) in modulating fairness perception.
Main Methods:
- Utilized the Ultimatum Game (UG) to assess fairness decision-making.
- Employed event-related potential (ERP) analysis to examine neural responses.
- Categorized participants based on their social value orientation (prosocial vs. proself).
Main Results:
- Prosocial individuals rejected unfair offers more frequently and reported stronger negative emotions than proself individuals.
- Prosocials showed distinct P2 ERP responses to fair versus unfair offers, unlike proselfs.
- Both groups exhibited fairness sensitivity via medial frontal negativity (MFN) and P3 components, with prosocials showing stronger effects.
Conclusions:
- SVO significantly modulates fairness processing in social decision-making.
- Neural differences, particularly in the MFN, mediate the impact of SVO on behavioral responses to unfairness.
- ERP findings highlight the early and later neural processing differences related to fairness in individuals with varying SVOs.
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