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Grating-enabled high-speed high-efficiency surface-illuminated silicon photodiodes.

Chong Li, Kai Bao, Shihong Qin

    Optics Express
    |March 27, 2021
    PubMed
    Summary

    Researchers developed a silicon photodiode with grating-enhanced light absorption, achieving 77% efficiency. This high-speed, high-efficiency photodetector is ideal for data center optical communications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and Optoelectronics
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Silicon photodetectors are crucial for optical communication links in data centers, driven by escalating data traffic and bandwidth demands from big data and cloud computing.
    • Monolithic integration of optical components with signal processing electronics on a single silicon chip is essential for cost reduction and performance enhancement.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To report on grating-enhanced light absorption in a silicon photodiode.
    • To investigate the potential of silicon photodiodes for high-performance data center applications.

    Main Methods:

    • Theoretical determination of absorption efficiency for an optimal structure with a 220 nm thin intrinsic absorption layer.
    • Fabrication and characterization of silicon photodiode devices.

    Main Results:

    • Theoretical absorption efficiency reached up to 77% at 850 nm for the optimized structure.
    • Fabricated devices exhibited a high bandwidth of 11.3 GHz.
    • Improved radio-frequency output power exceeding 14 dB was demonstrated.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed silicon photodiode demonstrates high absorption efficiency and bandwidth.
    • These devices are suitable for high-speed optical communication links in data centers.
    • Grating-enhanced light absorption offers a pathway to improved silicon photodetector performance.