Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 11, 2025

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Impact of Reduced Resistance Exercise Volume on Metabolic Health
06:13

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Impact of Reduced Resistance Exercise Volume on Metabolic Health

Published on: December 1, 2023

1.4K

Dapagliflozin effect on endothelial dysfunction in diabetic patients with atherosclerotic disease: a randomized

Andrei C Sposito1, Ikaro Breder2, Alexandre A S Soares2

  • 1Aterosclerose and Vascular Biology Laboratory (Aterolab), Cardiology Division, State University of Campinas Medical School, Rua Tessalia Vieira de Camargo 126, Cidade Universitaria Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, 13084-971, Brazil. sposito@unicamp.br.

Cardiovascular Diabetology
|March 27, 2021
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) like dapagliflozin improve arterial wall function in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. This vascular benefit occurs independently of glucose lowering, suggesting a direct effect on endothelial health.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Endocrinology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • The independent effect of SGLT2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) on arterial wall function in T2DM is unclear.
  • This study investigates if SGLT2i can improve endothelial dysfunction beyond glucose control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the efficacy of SGLT2i (dapagliflozin) versus a glucose-lowering equivalent (glibenclamide) in improving endothelial function in T2DM patients.
  • To determine if SGLT2i offers vascular benefits independent of glycemic control.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective, randomized clinical trial involving 98 T2DM patients with elevated carotid intima-media thickness.
  • Patients received either dapagliflozin or glibenclamide for 12 weeks, alongside metformin.
  • Coprimary endpoints included resting and ischemia-reperfusion induced flow-mediated dilation (FMD).

Main Results:

  • Dapagliflozin significantly improved resting FMD compared to glibenclamide (p=0.0001).
  • Higher plasma nitrite levels and lower resistive indices were observed in the dapagliflozin group.
  • No significant differences in inflammation or oxidative stress biomarkers were found between groups.

Conclusions:

  • Dapagliflozin enhances micro- and macrovascular endothelial function in T2DM patients with subclinical atherosclerosis.
  • These improvements are independent of glycemic control, highlighting a direct vascular benefit of SGLT2 inhibitors.
Keywords:
Endothelial functionNitric oxideSGLT2Type 2 diabetes

More Related Videos

Ultrasound Assessment of Endothelial-Dependent Flow-Mediated Vasodilation of the Brachial Artery in Clinical Research08:42

Ultrasound Assessment of Endothelial-Dependent Flow-Mediated Vasodilation of the Brachial Artery in Clinical Research

Published on: October 22, 2014

27.6K
Author Spotlight: Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking to Decipher the Action of Jiawei Shengjiang San Against Diabetic Kidney Disease08:15

Author Spotlight: Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking to Decipher the Action of Jiawei Shengjiang San Against Diabetic Kidney Disease

Published on: May 10, 2024

763

Related Concept Videos

Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors01:23

Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors

Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) is a serine protease widely distributed in the body. It's involved in the inactivation of GLP-1 and GIP hormones, which are crucial for insulin regulation. DPP-4 inhibitors, such as sitagliptin (Januvia), saxagliptin (Onglyza), linagliptin (Tradjenta), alogliptin (Nesina), and vildagliptin (Galvus), help increase the proportion of active GLP-1, enhancing insulin secretion. These inhibitors work by competitively binding to DPP-4. This binding causes a...
328
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Biguanides and Glitazones01:26

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Biguanides and Glitazones

Biguanides, particularly metformin (Glucophage), are insulin sensitizers that enhance glucose uptake, thereby reducing insulin resistance. Unlike sulfonylureas, metformin doesn't prompt insulin secretion, which helps to curb hypoglycemia risk. Metformin is beneficial in treating conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome due to its insulin-resistance reduction capability. The drug's primary action involves curtailing hepatic gluconeogenesis, a significant contributor to high blood...
426
Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Endothelin Receptor Antagonists01:18

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Endothelin Receptor Antagonists

Endothelins (ETs) are potent vasoactive peptides critical in the human body's various physiological and pathological processes. One of the most promising therapeutic strategies for treating pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) involves counteracting the effects of these endothelins using a class of drugs known as endothelin receptor antagonists.
ETs are synthesized through a complex sequence of enzymatic steps, primarily involving an enzyme referred to as endothelin-converting enzyme...
278
Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists01:24

Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists

Incretins include glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), which stimulate insulin secretion post-meals. In type 2 diabetes, GIP's efficacy is reduced, making GLP-1 a viable drug target. GIP originates from preproGIP.
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by...
556
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides01:06

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides

Repaglinide (Prandin) and Nateglinide (Starlix), known as glinides, are oral insulin secretagogues that stimulate insulin release from pancreatic β cells by closing the ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP channel). Repaglinide controls insulin release from pancreatic β cells by managing potassium efflux. It shares two binding sites with sulfonylureas and also has a unique site, indicating overlapping mechanisms of action. With a rapid onset and a 4-7 hour duration, it effectively...
382
Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...
138