Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Drug Analysis Methods01:26

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Drug Analysis Methods

55
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) is a clinical practice that measures specific drug levels in a patient's blood or body tissues to tailor drug therapy effectively. This monitoring is critical for managing drugs with narrow therapeutic indices like digoxin and phenytoin, ensuring they are both safe and effective. For instance, monitoring theophylline levels in asthma patients involves precision and sensitivity to adjust doses according to individual responses to therapy, ensuring efficacy and...
55
Drug Administration and Therapy Phases: Overview01:26

Drug Administration and Therapy Phases: Overview

944
Drugs, the chemical agents used in diagnosing, treating, or preventing diseases, undergo a four-phase process of development: pharmaceutic, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and therapeutic.
The pharmaceutical phase focuses on leveraging the physicochemical properties of the drug to design and manufacture an effective product. Variants include orally administered tablets or capsules, topical creams or ointments, and parenteral-delivery solutions or emulsions.
The pharmacokinetic phase...
944
Dosage Regimens: Partial Pharmacokinetic Parameters01:01

Dosage Regimens: Partial Pharmacokinetic Parameters

48
It is not uncommon for complete drug pharmacokinetic profiles to remain elusive in pharmacokinetics. This necessitates certain educated assumptions by pharmacokineticists to determine appropriate dosage regimens without comprehensive pharmacokinetic data from animal or human studies. One prevalent assumption is setting the bioavailability factor, denoted as F, to 1 or 100%. This assumption caters to the scenario where a drug doesn't achieve full systemic absorption, resulting in the patient...
48
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Overview and Classification01:16

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Overview and Classification

92
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) is a clinical practice that measures specific drug levels in a patient's blood at designated intervals to ensure the drug concentration stays within a therapeutic range. This monitoring is crucial for optimizing individual dosage regimens, enhancing therapeutic efficacy, and minimizing drug-related toxicity. TDM is vital for drugs with narrow therapeutic windows, significant variability in pharmacokinetics, and a clear correlation between plasma levels and...
92
Dosage Interval and Administration Route: Determination Methods01:19

Dosage Interval and Administration Route: Determination Methods

69
A medication’s effectiveness largely depends on its appropriate dosage and the route of administration. Dosage ensures that a sufficient drug concentration is maintained in the bloodstream to elicit the desired therapeutic effect without causing toxicity. The route of administration affects the drug's bioavailability, rate of absorption, and onset of action, which are crucial for achieving optimal therapeutic outcomes. Drug dosage calculations are critical to tailoring therapy to...
69
Pharmacovigilance01:19

Pharmacovigilance

1.4K
Post-marketing surveillance is a critical component of pharmaceutical regulation, often uncovering unanticipated adverse drug reactions (ADRs) once a drug is widely used over an extended period.
This process, termed pharmacovigilance, aims to detect, evaluate, and minimize harmful effects related to medication use. The data collection for pharmacovigilance depends on spontaneous reporting systems, where healthcare professionals or patients voluntarily report suspected ADRs.
In some cases, there...
1.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A historical overview of the anti-vaccine movement and its public health implications.

Vaccine·2026
Same author

Single-nucleus multiomic atlas of ALS primary motor cortex nominates neuroprotective WDR49-expressing astrocytes.

Research square·2026
Same author

Clinical and genetic correlates of a circadian subtype of depression in the Australian Genetics of Depression Study.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026
Same author

Protocol for enhancing CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing using histone deacetylase inhibition and engineered virus-like particle delivery.

STAR protocols·2026
Same author

Diet-vaccine interactions: SQM Iron and <i>Salmonella</i> vaccination shape poultry gut microbiota.

Applied and environmental microbiology·2026
Same author

Optimization of cortico-cortical spectral response analysis parameters for seizure onset zone localization.

Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 11, 2025

A Computerized Functional Skills Assessment and Training Program Targeting Technology Based Everyday Functional Skills
07:31

A Computerized Functional Skills Assessment and Training Program Targeting Technology Based Everyday Functional Skills

Published on: February 13, 2020

7.1K

Evaluation of a pharmacy technician-based medication prior authorization program.

Ron Carico, Ryan West, Tiffany Miller

    Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : Japha
    |March 27, 2021
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Pharmacy technicians efficiently process medication prior authorizations (PAs), achieving high approval rates within one business day. This demonstrates their cost-effectiveness and capability in managing PAs, improving pharmacotherapy access.

    More Related Videos

    Radiation Planning Assistant - A Streamlined, Fully Automated Radiotherapy Treatment Planning System
    08:25

    Radiation Planning Assistant - A Streamlined, Fully Automated Radiotherapy Treatment Planning System

    Published on: April 11, 2018

    15.6K
    Multiplex Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Isotope-dilution HPLC-MS/MS of Antibiotics in Critical Illnesses
    11:17

    Multiplex Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Isotope-dilution HPLC-MS/MS of Antibiotics in Critical Illnesses

    Published on: August 30, 2018

    13.1K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Nov 11, 2025

    A Computerized Functional Skills Assessment and Training Program Targeting Technology Based Everyday Functional Skills
    07:31

    A Computerized Functional Skills Assessment and Training Program Targeting Technology Based Everyday Functional Skills

    Published on: February 13, 2020

    7.1K
    Radiation Planning Assistant - A Streamlined, Fully Automated Radiotherapy Treatment Planning System
    08:25

    Radiation Planning Assistant - A Streamlined, Fully Automated Radiotherapy Treatment Planning System

    Published on: April 11, 2018

    15.6K
    Multiplex Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Isotope-dilution HPLC-MS/MS of Antibiotics in Critical Illnesses
    11:17

    Multiplex Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Isotope-dilution HPLC-MS/MS of Antibiotics in Critical Illnesses

    Published on: August 30, 2018

    13.1K

    Area of Science:

    • Pharmacy Practice
    • Health Services Research

    Background:

    • Medication prior authorizations (PAs) are crucial for insurer approval but can delay patient pharmacotherapy.
    • The expanding role of pharmacy technicians in clinical settings necessitates evaluating their efficiency in specialized tasks.
    • Prior authorizations represent a significant administrative burden that can impact timely medication access.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of clinical pharmacy technicians in processing medication prior authorizations (PAs).
    • To compare the performance of pharmacy technicians in PA processing against that of clinical pharmacists.
    • To determine the impact of technician involvement on PA approval rates and turnaround times.

    Main Methods:

    • A retrospective analysis of 720 prior authorization (PA) requests processed between January 21, 2020, and April 21, 2020, across four outpatient clinics.
    • PA requests were primarily managed by clinical pharmacy technicians in three clinics, with one clinic utilizing a clinical pharmacist for processing.
    • Data collected included request receipt date, final outcome (approval, therapy change, nonapproval), and decision date; descriptive statistics were calculated.

    Main Results:

    • Over 90% of prior authorization (PA) requests were approved, with 88.6% receiving first-response approval.
    • The median time to first response for PA requests was 0 business days, with 75% of requests receiving a response within one business day.
    • PA approval percentages were comparable across clinics, regardless of whether technicians or pharmacists processed the requests (91.2%-94.3%).

    Conclusions:

    • Clinical pharmacy technicians demonstrate significant efficiency and cost-effectiveness in processing medication prior authorizations (PAs).
    • Technician-led PA processing yields outcomes comparable to those managed by clinical pharmacists.
    • These findings support the expanded utilization of pharmacy technicians in clinical pharmacy services to streamline medication access.