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Updated: Nov 11, 2025

Profiling Volatile Compounds in Blackcurrant Fruit using Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction Coupled to Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Published on: June 9, 2021
GC × GC-ToF-MS and GC-IMS based volatile profile characterization of the Chinese dry-cured hams from different
Wenqian Li1, Yan Ping Chen2, Imre Blank3
1National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China; Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture & Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
Abstract:
Chinese dry-cured hams have unique aroma characteristics appreciated by local consumers. The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of six selected Chinese dry-cured hams (Mianning, Nuodeng, Saba, Sanchuan, Wanhua, and Xuanen) were analyzed by solvent assisted flavor evaporation (SAFE) combined with GC × GC-ToF-MS and head-space (HS) injection combined with GC-IMS. To visualize VOCs and differentiate samples, principal component analysis (PCA) and multiple factor analysis (MFA) were performed. GC × GC-ToF-MS resulted in over five times more VOCs (265) than GC-IMS (45). However, PCA and MFA indicated similar results using GC-IMS or GC × GC-ToF-MS data, suggesting HS-GC-IMS as a good choice to differentiate dry-cured hams from different regions. Xuanen ham from Yunnan Province having smoky aroma was significantly different from other hams, likely due to its unique process. Many aldehydes (heptanal, nonanal, etc.) played an important role in Sanchuan ham. Ketones were related to other four dry-cured hams, though they came from different regions. This study provides valuable analytical data to characterize and discriminate the flavor profile of Chinese dry-cured hams.
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