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Updated: Nov 11, 2025

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing
Published on: October 15, 2019
Direct and indirect effects of microbiota-derived metabolites on neuroinflammation in multiple sclerosis
Naomi M Fettig1, Lisa C Osborne1
1Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
Abstract:
Multiple sclerosis (MS) and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) are highly influenced by changes in the microbiota and of microbiota-derived metabolites, including short chain fatty acids, bile acids, and tryptophan derivatives. This review will discuss the effects of microbiota-derived metabolites on neuroinflammation driven by central nervous system-resident cells and peripheral immune cells, and their influence on outcomes of EAE and MS.

