Hypertriglyceridemia Induced by Fluorouracil: A Novel Case Report.

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Pharmacology
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Previous reports identified S-1 and capecitabine as causes of hypertriglyceridemia.
• Fluorouracil is a metabolite of both S-1 and capecitabine, suggesting a potential link.

Observation:

• A patient developed grade 4 hypertriglyceridemia during fluorouracil-based chemotherapy.
• Hypertriglyceridemia recurred upon re-initiation of fluorouracil-containing chemotherapy.
• Bezafibrate and fenofibrate effectively normalized triglyceride levels.

Findings:

• This case strongly suggests fluorouracil as the causative agent for hypertriglyceridemia.
• The findings support the hypothesis that fluorouracil or its metabolic enzymes are responsible for drug-induced hypertriglyceridemia.
• Fibrates and chemotherapy cessation are effective management strategies.

Implications:

• Fluorouracil-induced hypertriglyceridemia is a potential complication associated with tegafur and capecitabine.
• Further research is needed to elucidate the exact mechanism and epidemiological features.
• This highlights the importance of monitoring triglyceride levels during fluorouracil-based therapies.