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Overview of Exosomes

Overview of Exosomes

Exosomes are stable, lipid bilayer-enclosed vesicles capable of crossing biological barriers. They can carry a wide range of molecules required for intercellular communication. Once exosomes are released from the cell where they originated, they enter a recipient cell through various pathways such as fusion, receptor-mediated endocytosis, macropinocytosis, and phagocytosis.
Stahl et al. discovered exosomes in 1983, but the exosomes were initially considered waste products released from the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 11, 2025

Using Nanoplasmon-Enhanced Scattering and Low-Magnification Microscope Imaging to Quantify Tumor-Derived Exosomes

Using Nanoplasmon-Enhanced Scattering and Low-Magnification Microscope Imaging to Quantify Tumor-Derived Exosomes

Published on: May 24, 2019

Towards Microfluidic-Based Exosome Isolation and Detection for Tumor Therapy.

Jie Wang^1,2, Peng Ma^1,3,2, Daniel H Kim^4,2

¹Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine Stanford University, Palo Alto, California 94304-5427, USA.

|March 29, 2021

Summary

Microfluidic platforms offer efficient exosome isolation and detection, overcoming limitations of traditional methods for applications in liquid biopsies and precision medicine.

Keywords:

detection exosomes extracellular vesicles isolation microfluidics tumor-targeted drug delivery

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Exosomal miRNA Analysis in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer NSCLC Patients' Plasma Through qPCR: A Feasible Liquid Biopsy Tool

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Published on: May 27, 2016

Area of Science:

Biotechnology
Nanotechnology
Biomedical Engineering

Background:

Exosomes, nano-sized extracellular vesicles, are crucial in various biomedical fields like cancer biology and drug delivery.
Current exosome isolation methods are often complex, time-consuming, and require large sample volumes.
Microfluidic platforms present a promising alternative for streamlined exosome research.

Purpose of the Study:

To review microfluidic strategies for exosome isolation and sensing.
To highlight advances in label-free exosome isolation techniques.
To discuss microfluidic applications in exosome-mediated therapeutic delivery.

Main Methods:

Overview of microfluidic strategies including hydrodynamic properties, size filtration, acoustic fields, immunoaffinity, and dielectrophoresis.
Focus on label-free isolation preserving exosome integrity and biological activity.
Introduction to microfluidic techniques for sensitive and specific detection of exosomal proteins and RNAs.

Main Results:

Microfluidic platforms enable high-purity, high-recovery exosome isolation with short processing times.
Label-free isolation methods maintain exosome morphology and biological properties.
Sensitive detection of exosomal biomarkers using microfluidic devices is achievable.

Conclusions:

Microfluidic technologies offer significant advantages over conventional methods for exosome separation and sensing.
These platforms are crucial for advancing exosome applications in liquid biopsies and precision medicine.
Despite challenges, microfluidics is poised to revolutionize exosome-based clinical applications.