Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Friedman Two-way Analysis of Variance by Ranks01:21

Friedman Two-way Analysis of Variance by Ranks

365
Friedman's Two-Way Analysis of Variance by Ranks is a nonparametric test designed to identify differences across multiple test attempts when traditional assumptions of normality and equal variances do not apply. Unlike conventional ANOVA, which requires normally distributed data with equal variances, Friedman's test is ideal for ordinal or non-normally distributed data, making it particularly useful for analyzing dependent samples, such as matched subjects over time or repeated measures...
365
Behrens–Fisher Test00:57

Behrens–Fisher Test

170
The Behrens-Fisher test is a statistical method designed to address the Behrens-Fisher problem, which arises when comparing the means of two normally distributed populations with unequal variances. Unlike the Student's t-test, which assumes equal variances, the Behrens-Fisher test allows for mean comparison without this restrictive assumption. This flexibility makes it particularly valuable in scenarios where two independent samples exhibit normality but lack variance homogeneity.
This test...
170
Bonferroni Test01:10

Bonferroni Test

3.0K
The Bonferroni test is a statistical test named after Carlo Emilio Bonferroni, an Italian mathematician best known for Bonferroni inequalities. This statistical test is a type of multiple comparison test to determine which means are different than the rest. Bonferroni test can minimize the Type 1 error by reducing the significance level alpha, which otherwise increases with sample pairs.
The means of different samples are first paired in all possible combinations.
The null hypothesis of the...
3.0K
F Distribution01:19

F Distribution

6.8K
The F distribution was named after Sir Ronald Fisher, an English statistician. The F statistic is a ratio (a fraction) with two sets of degrees of freedom; one for the numerator and one for the denominator. The F distribution is derived from the Student's t distribution. The values of the F distribution are squares of the corresponding values of the t distribution. One-Way ANOVA expands the t test for comparing more than two groups. The scope of that derivation is beyond the level of this...
6.8K
Atomic Force Microscopy01:08

Atomic Force Microscopy

3.8K
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a type of scanning probe microscopy that can analyze topographic details of various specimens like ceramics, glass, polymers, and biological samples. AFM offers over 1000 times more resolution than the optical imaging system. Images generated from AFM are three-dimensional surface profiles, offering an advantage over the flat, two-dimensional images from other imaging techniques.
The AFM Probe
The probe is regarded as the heart of any AFM setup and comprises the...
3.8K
Identifying Statistically Significant Differences: The F-Test01:14

Identifying Statistically Significant Differences: The F-Test

2.8K
The F-test is used to compare two sample variances to each other or compare the sample variance to the population variance. It is used to decide whether an indeterminate error can explain the difference in their values. The underlying assumptions that allow the use of the F-test include the data set or sets are normally distributed, and the data sets are independent of each other. The test statistic F is calculated by dividing one variance by another. In other words, the square of one standard...
2.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Severe acute limb ischemia in patients with COVID-19: A single-center case series.

International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases·2026
Same author

Advances in Topical Chinese Herbal Medicine Formulas for Treating Diabetic Foot Ulcers.

Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE·2026
Same author

Retraction Note: Post-COVID reactivation of latent Bartonella henselae infection: a case report and literature review.

BMC infectious diseases·2026
Same author

Chronic osteomyelitis of the right thumb caused by Actinomyces radingae and Finegoldia magna: a case report and literature review.

BMC infectious diseases·2026
Same author

Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma with Hypercalcemia of Malignancy and Skeletal Metastasis: Perioperative Case Report of Above-Knee Amputation.

Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE·2026
Same author

Bee Venom Acupuncture in the Treatment of Musculoskeletal System Disorders: A Comprehensive Review.

Pain research & management·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 11, 2025

Experimental and Data Analysis Workflow for Soft Matter Nanoindentation
13:04

Experimental and Data Analysis Workflow for Soft Matter Nanoindentation

Published on: January 18, 2022

4.4K

Antia-Buch versus Franssen-Frechner Technique.

Rasha Abdelkader1, Marco Malahias2, Sahar Ahmed Abdalbary3

  • 1Department of Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Kasr Al-Ainy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. Global Open
|March 29, 2021
PubMed
Summary

A modified Antia-Buch flap technique for external ear reconstruction resulted in less dissection and improved patient satisfaction with scars and symmetry compared to the classic method.

More Related Videos

Contrast-Matching Detergent in Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Experiments for Membrane Protein Structural Analysis and Ab Initio Modeling
10:27

Contrast-Matching Detergent in Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Experiments for Membrane Protein Structural Analysis and Ab Initio Modeling

Published on: October 21, 2018

12.7K
ARL Spectral Fitting as an Application to Augment Spectral Data via Franck-Condon Lineshape Analysis and Color Analysis
07:11

ARL Spectral Fitting as an Application to Augment Spectral Data via Franck-Condon Lineshape Analysis and Color Analysis

Published on: August 19, 2021

2.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 11, 2025

Experimental and Data Analysis Workflow for Soft Matter Nanoindentation
13:04

Experimental and Data Analysis Workflow for Soft Matter Nanoindentation

Published on: January 18, 2022

4.4K
Contrast-Matching Detergent in Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Experiments for Membrane Protein Structural Analysis and Ab Initio Modeling
10:27

Contrast-Matching Detergent in Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Experiments for Membrane Protein Structural Analysis and Ab Initio Modeling

Published on: October 21, 2018

12.7K
ARL Spectral Fitting as an Application to Augment Spectral Data via Franck-Condon Lineshape Analysis and Color Analysis
07:11

ARL Spectral Fitting as an Application to Augment Spectral Data via Franck-Condon Lineshape Analysis and Color Analysis

Published on: August 19, 2021

2.7K

Area of Science:

  • Plastic Surgery
  • Otolaryngology
  • Dermatologic Surgery

Background:

  • Skin cancer of the external ear necessitates surgical resection and reconstruction.
  • Flap reconstruction is a common method for external ear defects.
  • Comparing surgical techniques is crucial for optimizing patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the outcomes of classic Antia-Buch flap versus a modified Antia-Buch flap for external ear reconstruction.
  • To evaluate differences in surgical technique, aesthetic results, and patient satisfaction.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 22 patients in each of two cohorts (A and B).
  • Cohort A: external ear reconstruction using the classic Antia-Buch flap (1967).
  • Cohort B: external ear reconstruction using a modified Antia-Buch flap (2010).

Main Results:

  • Both techniques achieved tension-free closure.
  • The modified Antia-Buch flap (Cohort B) required less dissection and preserved ear width by avoiding scaphal cartilage resection.
  • Cohort B reported less visible scars and superior ear symmetry, with minor height loss easily corrected.

Conclusions:

  • The modified Antia-Buch flap offers advantages in external ear reconstruction.
  • This technique leads to less invasive surgery, better aesthetic results, and higher patient satisfaction.
  • The modified approach is recommended for improved outcomes in ear reconstruction after skin cancer resection.