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Orbital Surgery: Evolution and Revolution.

Steven A Newman1

  • 1Neuro-ophthalmology Division, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Virginia.

Journal of Neurological Surgery. Part B, Skull Base
|March 29, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Orbital surgery, a neglected subspecialty of ophthalmology, requires clear goals. Non-surgical treatments like chemotherapy are often preferable for orbital lesions, with thyroid orbitopathy management involving decompression or eye muscle surgery.

Keywords:
Krönlein's orbitotomycomputerized axial topographyfine needle aspiration biopsyorbital deconstructionorbitototomytransconjunctival incisions

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Oculoplastic Surgery
  • Orbital Surgery

Background:

  • Orbital surgery, though part of ophthalmology, is often neglected.
  • Historically, surgical interventions were prioritized over other treatments for orbital conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To trace the historical development and modifications in orbital surgery.
  • To emphasize the importance of goal definition prior to orbital surgery.
  • To review the evolution of revolutionary and incremental changes in the field.

Main Methods:

  • Historical review of orbital surgery development.
  • Analysis of treatment modalities for orbital lesions.
  • Discussion of decision-making in thyroid orbitopathy management.

Main Results:

  • Orbital surgery has undergone significant development and modifications.
  • Many orbital lesions do not necessitate surgical intervention.
  • Chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and immunotherapy are increasingly viable alternatives.
  • Thyroid orbitopathy management requires careful consideration of decompression versus eye muscle surgery.

Conclusions:

  • Clear goal definition is crucial before undertaking orbital surgery.
  • Non-surgical treatments should be considered for various orbital pathologies.
  • Management of thyroid orbitopathy is complex, balancing decompression and motility correction.