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COVID-19 risk perception and coping mechanisms: Does gender make a difference?
Irfan Ahmad Rana1, Saad Saleem Bhatti2, Atif Bilal Aslam3
1Department of Urban and Regional Planning, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), 44000, H-12 Sector, Islamabad, Pakistan.
International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction : IJDRR
|March 29, 2021
Summary
Gender significantly influences COVID-19 risk perception and coping strategies. Pakistani women perceived higher risks and complied more with guidelines, highlighting the need for gender-inclusive pandemic responses.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Social Sciences
- Epidemiology
Background:
- The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted global life, with risk perception and response varying across demographics.
- Understanding these differences, particularly gender-based variations, is crucial for effective public health interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate gender disparities in COVID-19 risk perception and coping mechanisms in Pakistan.
- To identify how gender influences the acceptance and adherence to health guidelines during a pandemic.
Main Methods:
- An online survey with 389 respondents (248 males, 141 females) in Pakistan.
- A questionnaire assessed risk perception (fear, behavior, awareness, trust) and coping mechanisms (problem, emotion, action) using an index-based approach.
- Statistical tests and regression modeling were used to analyze gender differences and effects.
Main Results:
- Significant gender differences were observed in perceived fear and trust related to COVID-19.
- Females reported higher risk perception, greater compliance with government guidelines, and more effective coping strategies compared to males.
- Coping mechanisms also differed notably between genders.
Conclusions:
- Gender is a critical factor in shaping risk perception and response to pandemics.
- Future public health communication and risk reduction strategies must integrate gender-specific insights for enhanced effectiveness.
- Addressing gender nuances is vital for managing current and future health crises.
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