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Adverse events using shorter MDR-TB regimens: outcomes from Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea

C Y Mason1, A Prieto1, H Bogati1

  • 1Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF), Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea.

Public Health Action
|March 29, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Shorter regimens (SR) for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) show mixed results in Papua New Guinea. High rates of treatment failure due to adverse events, particularly ototoxicity, suggest SR may not be suitable for all patients.

Area of Science:

  • Global Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) poses a significant global health challenge.
  • Standardized, shorter treatment regimens (SR) are increasingly used for MDR-TB.
  • Limited data exists on adverse events associated with MDR-TB SR.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the outcomes of MDR-TB patients treated with a standardized, shorter regimen in Papua New Guinea.
  • To identify adverse events associated with the MDR-TB SR in this cohort.
  • To assess the suitability of the MDR-TB SR for patients in Papua New Guinea.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective cohort study was conducted in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea.
  • Twenty-six patients with MDR-TB were treated with a standardized, shorter regimen between September 2017 and September 2018.
  • Treatment outcomes and adverse events were documented.

Main Results:

  • Treatment success was observed in 39% (10/26) of patients.
  • Treatment failure occurred in 46% (12/26) of patients.
  • Adverse events led to regimen changes in 10 patients, with seven experiencing ototoxicity.

Conclusions:

  • The standardized, shorter regimen for MDR-TB demonstrated a high failure rate in this Papua New Guinea cohort.
  • Ototoxicity was a significant adverse event, leading to regimen modification.
  • The MDR-TB SR may not be appropriate for all patients in similar settings due to adverse event profiles.
Keywords:
adverse effectsaminoglycosidemonitoringshort regimen

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