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Related Concept Videos

Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy01:30

Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy

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Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...
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Coronary Artery Disease III: Clinical Manifestations01:30

Coronary Artery Disease III: Clinical Manifestations

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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a primary health risk worldwide, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. The condition arises from the buildup of atherosclerotic plaques within the coronary arteries, resulting in diminished blood supply to the heart muscle.The clinical manifestations of CAD vary widely, from asymptomatic stages to severe, life-threatening conditions. Understanding these manifestations is crucial for early diagnosis and effective management.Angina Pectoris: The Warning...
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Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:22

Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

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Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
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Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations01:26

Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations

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Heart failure (HF) manifests primarily as dyspnea, fatigue, and fluid retention, resulting in peripheral and pulmonary edema. Symptoms may vary depending on which ventricle is more affected, left or right.Left-Sided Heart FailureAlso known as left ventricular failure, this condition results from the left ventricle's inability to fill or eject sufficient blood into the systemic circulation. It leads to pulmonary congestion, which occurs when the left ventricle fails to eject blood effectively...
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Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

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The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
206
Acute Coronary Syndrome II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:19

Acute Coronary Syndrome II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

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The pathophysiology of Acute Coronary Syndrome [ACD] involves several key processes:The main underlying cause of ACD is atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the buildup of lipid-laden plaques within the coronary arteries.As the atherosclerotic plaque grows in the coronary artery, it may become unstable due to the formation of a lipid-rich core and a thin fibrous cap. Inflammatory cells within the plaque, such as macrophages, secrete enzymes that degrade the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 11, 2025

Point-of-Care Ultrasound for Peripheral Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Without Left Ventricular Venting
03:40

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Published on: January 17, 2025

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Subclinical left ventricular dysfunction in COVID-19.

Harpreet S Bhatia1, Quan M Bui1, Kevin King1

  • 1Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.

International Journal of Cardiology. Heart & Vasculature
|March 29, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Patients with COVID-19 show subclinical cardiac dysfunction, indicated by reduced global longitudinal strain (GLS), despite preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (EF). This cardiac dysfunction was evident even without prior cardiovascular disease.

Keywords:
COVID-19CoronavirusEchocardiographyMyocardial strain

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) is linked to cardiovascular injury.
  • Left ventricular (LV) function is typically preserved in COVID-19 patients.
  • Subclinical LV dysfunction requires further investigation in COVID-19.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate for subclinical LV dysfunction in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
  • To utilize myocardial strain analysis for detecting early cardiac changes.
  • To assess the impact of COVID-19 on cardiac function beyond ejection fraction.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of 96 hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
  • Echocardiography performed, including traditional measures and global longitudinal strain (GLS).
  • Comparison of GLS and ejection fraction (EF) with pre-COVID-19 echocardiograms and serial studies.

Main Results:

  • 91% of patients exhibited abnormal GLS, indicating subclinical dysfunction.
  • LV ejection fraction (EF) remained largely preserved (median 62%).
  • Abnormal GLS was observed irrespective of cardiovascular disease history, symptoms, or illness severity.

Conclusions:

  • COVID-19 patients demonstrate subclinical cardiac dysfunction via reduced GLS.
  • Preserved EF in COVID-19 does not exclude underlying myocardial impairment.
  • GLS analysis is crucial for detecting cardiac dysfunction in COVID-19.