A Simulation Paradigm for Evaluation of Subtle Liver Lesions at Pediatric CT: Performance and Confidence

Jennifer S Ngo1, Justin B Solomon1, Ehsan Samei1

  • 1Department of Radiology (J.S.N., L.N., B.C.A., J.T.D., A.D., R.G., D.M., C.M.M., V.P., G.R.S.), Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Laboratories, Department of Radiology, Medical Physics Graduate Program (J.B.S., E.S., T.R.), and Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering, and Physics (E.S.), Duke University Medical Center, Box 3808, Durham, NC 27710; Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (A.E., B.Z.); and Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (B.N.P., D.P.F.).

Insights

Reducing radiation dose in pediatric CT scans significantly decreased liver lesion detection sensitivity. Reader confidence remained high even with a 25% dose reduction, indicating unawareness of performance changes.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Radiology
  • Pediatric Imaging

Background:

  • Radiation dose reduction in pediatric CT is crucial for minimizing long-term risks.
  • Evaluating the impact of dose reduction on diagnostic accuracy and observer confidence is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a systematic observer performance platform for assessing simulated liver lesions in pediatric CT.
  • To measure the effect of radiation dose reduction on lesion detection and reader confidence.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty pediatric abdominal CT scans were retrospectively collected.
  • Simulated liver lesions and varying radiation dose levels (0%, 25%, 50% reduction) were introduced.
  • Radiologists reviewed scans using an online interface, marking lesions and rating confidence.

Main Results:

  • Detection sensitivity significantly decreased with lower radiation doses (P < .001).
  • Reader confidence was significantly lower for 50% dose reduction compared to full dose (P = .011, P = .012).
  • No significant difference in confidence was observed between full dose and 25% dose reduction (P = .866).

Conclusions:

  • Decreased radiation dose in pediatric CT leads to reduced sensitivity for detecting liver lesions.
  • Readers may not be aware of performance decrements at reduced doses, highlighting the need for careful consideration during dose reduction strategies.
Abstract