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Changes in Cardiovascular Health Status and Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death in Older Adults

Min Kim1, Pil Sung Yang2, Hee Tae Yu1

  • 1Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Yonsei Medical Journal
|March 29, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Maintaining high cardiovascular health (CVH) status in older adults is linked to lower risks of sudden cardiac death (SCD) and all-cause mortality. Improvements in CVH status did not show a consistent linear association with reduced SCD risk.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Cardiovascular health (CVH) status impacts various cardiovascular outcomes.
  • The relationship between changes in CVH status and sudden cardiac death (SCD) risk remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between changes in CVH status and the risk of SCD and all-cause death in older adults.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Korea National Health Insurance Service-Senior cohort (2005-2012).
  • Calculated CVH scores using six American Heart Association metrics (smoking, BMI, physical activity, blood pressure, cholesterol, glucose).
  • Categorized changes in CVH status over a 2-year interval into low-to-low, low-to-high, high-to-low, and high-to-high groups.

Main Results:

  • Included 105,200 older adults with available CVH data for two checkups.
  • During a median 5.2-year follow-up, 688 SCDs occurred.
  • Consistently high CVH status significantly reduced SCD risk (aHR, 0.69) and all-cause death risk (aHR, 0.74) compared to persistently low CVH status.

Conclusions:

  • Maintaining a high CVH status is associated with reduced future risks of SCD and all-cause death in older adults.
  • The study highlights the importance of sustained cardiovascular health for longevity in the elderly population.
Abstract

Keywords:
Sudden cardiac deathelderlyhealth status indexmortality

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