Risk factors for postoperative hypocalcaemia after thyroidectomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Zhimei Chen1, Qiyuan Zhao2, Jinlei Du2
1Department of Nursing, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
The Journal of International Medical Research
|March 29, 2021
Summary
This meta-analysis identified 12 key risk factors for postoperative hypocalcaemia after thyroidectomy. Close monitoring for these factors is crucial to prevent low calcium levels post-surgery.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Surgical Oncology
- Neurosurgery
Background:
- Postoperative hypocalcaemia is a common complication following thyroidectomy.
- Identifying predictive risk factors is essential for patient management and improving outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a meta-analysis investigating risk factors for postoperative hypocalcaemia in adult patients undergoing thyroidectomy.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search across major electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, OVID, Embase) up to June 2020.
- Independent screening of titles, abstracts, and full texts by two authors.
- Data extraction and pooled estimation using odds ratios (OR).
Main Results:
- Analysis of 23 studies identified 12 significant risk factors for postoperative hypocalcaemia.
- Key factors include hypoparathyroidism (OR 5.58), total thyroidectomy (OR 3.59), and hypomagnesaemia (OR 2.85).
- Other identified factors include preoperative vitamin D deficiency, female sex, thyroid malignancy, thyroiditis, substernal multinodular goitres, parathyroidectomy, and various neck dissections.
Conclusions:
- Moderate-to-high quality evidence supports the predictive value of 12 identified risk factors for postoperative hypocalcaemia.
- These factors warrant close monitoring in patients scheduled for thyroidectomy.
- Proactive management based on these risk factors can help mitigate the incidence and severity of hypocalcaemia.
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