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Related Concept Videos

Narcolepsy01:07

Narcolepsy

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Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder characterized by pervasive, uncontrolled sleepiness and other sleep disturbances. One of its hallmark symptoms is an abrupt transition to REM sleep upon falling asleep, which causes symptoms typically associated with this phase to occur unexpectedly during wakefulness. These include the following symptoms, which typically last from a minute or two to half an hour.
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Sleep-Wake Cycles01:24

Sleep-Wake Cycles

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Sleep is an essential physiological process vital to maintaining overall well-being. The reticular activating system (RAS), a network of neurons in the brainstem, regulates wakefulness and sleep. While it may seem passive, sleep consists of distinct cycles, each with its unique characteristics and functions. Two key sleep phases are non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and  rapid eye movement (REM).
NREM Sleep
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Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders01:27

Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders

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Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder whose origins are rooted in complex genetic components. Despite our burgeoning understanding, the pathophysiology of this disorder remains incompletely deciphered.
Researchers have identified genetic factors that increase susceptibility to schizophrenia, underscoring the intricate interplay between genetics and environment in disease development. At the core of schizophrenia's pathophysiology is excessive dopaminergic neurotransmission within...
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Psychosis and Antipsychotic Drugs: Overview01:28

Psychosis and Antipsychotic Drugs: Overview

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The term "psychosis" refers to a spectrum of mental disorders characterized by abnormal thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors. It can manifest as mood disorders, dementia, delirium with psychotic features, substance-induced psychosis with psychotic features, brief psychotic disorder, delusional disorder, schizoaffective disorder, and schizophrenia. Among all these disorders, schizophrenia is the most common psychotic disorder, affecting 1% of the worldwide population. Psychotic...
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Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy01:26

Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy

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Antipsychotic drugs are a crucial treatment method for acute and chronic psychoses, bipolar illness, and behavioral disorders. The selection of these drugs depends on several factors, including the state of the disease, clinical judgment, possible drug interactions, and the patient's sensitivity to adverse effects. In immediate scenarios, such as delirium and dementia, short-term treatment with low doses of high-potency typical or atypical agents can effectively manage symptom exacerbation.
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Biological Causes of Schizophrenia01:29

Biological Causes of Schizophrenia

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Schizophrenia, a severe psychiatric disorder, arises from a complex interplay of biological factors, including genetic predisposition, structural brain abnormalities, neurotransmitter dysregulation, and developmental irregularities. These factors collectively contribute to the onset and progression of the disorder, which typically manifests in late adolescence or early adulthood.
Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia
The genetic basis of schizophrenia is strongly supported by family and twin...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 11, 2025

Handwriting Analysis Indicates Spontaneous Dyskinesias in Neuroleptic Naïve Adolescents at High Risk for Psychosis
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Narcolepsy and psychosis: A systematic review.

Cyril Hanin1,2, Isabelle Arnulf3, Jean-Baptiste Maranci3

  • 1Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares à Expression Psychiatrique, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Sorbonne University, Paris, France.

Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica
|March 29, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Narcolepsy can involve psychotic-like symptoms, posing diagnostic challenges. Reviewing 100 papers, this study explores narcolepsy and psychosis associations and management, particularly in atypical and comorbid cases.

Keywords:
delusionhallucinationnarcolepsypsychosisschizophreniaside effects

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Psychiatry
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Narcolepsy is a rare sleep disorder.
  • Psychotic-like symptoms can complicate narcolepsy diagnosis and treatment.
  • Understanding the link between narcolepsy and psychosis is crucial for patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the association between narcolepsy and psychosis in children and adults.
  • To examine the medical management of patients with narcolepsy and psychotic features.
  • To differentiate between typical narcolepsy with psychotic-like symptoms, atypical forms, and comorbid schizophrenia.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature review of 100 PubMed-identified papers.
  • Keywords included narcolepsy, psychosis, schizophrenia, delusion, side effects, safety, and bipolar disorder.
  • Analysis of 58 published cases from atypical and comorbid groups.

Main Results:

  • Three groups identified: typical narcolepsy with psychotic-like symptoms, atypical narcolepsy with severe hallucinations/delusions, and comorbid schizophrenia.
  • Atypical and dual-diagnosis patients exhibited more severe hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized symptoms.
  • Psychostimulants used for narcolepsy can exacerbate psychotic symptoms.

Conclusions:

  • A potential association between narcolepsy and schizophrenia may exist in very early-onset cases, possibly due to shared neurodevelopmental factors.
  • A clinical algorithm is proposed for managing narcolepsy with psychotic-like or psychotic features.
  • Further research is needed to clarify the neurobiological underpinnings of these overlapping conditions.