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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 11, 2025

Profiling Maternal Behavior Responses During Whole-Brain Imaging

Profiling Maternal Behavior Responses During Whole-Brain Imaging

Published on: January 24, 2025

Maternal parenting behavior and functional connectivity development in children: A longitudinal fMRI study.

Elena Pozzi¹, Nandita Vijayakumar², Michelle L Byrne³

¹Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne & Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia.

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience

|March 29, 2021

Summary

Positive parenting in mothers is linked to brain development in children. This longitudinal study shows that positive maternal behavior supports the maturation of brain networks crucial for emotional regulation.

Keywords:

Amygdala Brain development Functional connectivity Parenting Resting state networks rsfMRI

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Developmental Psychology
Child Psychiatry

Background:

Parenting behavior influences child internalizing symptoms, potentially via frontoamygdala circuitry.
Longitudinal data on parenting's impact on brain networks is scarce.
Research on parenting and large-scale affective networks is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

To longitudinally investigate the association between maternal parenting behavior and brain network development in children.
To examine how positive and negative maternal behaviors relate to changes in brain connectivity over time.

Main Methods:

Longitudinal study of 95 children and their mothers.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) resting-state scans at two time points (mean ages 8.4 and 9.9 years).
Observational measures of maternal behavior and network analyses (amygdala, Default Mode Network, Executive Control Network, Salience Network).

Main Results:

Positive parenting was associated with decreased coactivation between the superior parietal lobule and the Executive Control Network (ECN) from wave 1 to wave 2.
Findings suggest a developmental effect of parenting on brain connectivity.

Conclusions:

Preliminary longitudinal evidence supports the role of positive maternal behavior in the maturation of higher-order control network connectivity.
This research highlights the impact of early parenting on neural development relevant to affective functioning.