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Voluntary decision-making in addiction: A comprehensive review of existing measurement tools
Claudia Barned1, Marianne Rochette2, Eric Racine2
1Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), 110 Avenue des Pins Ouest, Montréal, Qc H2W 1R7, Canada; University Health Network, Toronto Western Hospital, 399 Bathurst Street, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada.
Abstract:
The notion of voluntariness, notably the inability to refrain from using an addictive substance, is central to addiction. This review examines different constructs measuring voluntariness in the context of drug addiction. We found 117 articles featuring 123 distinct scales for 11 of the 16 constructs initially searched. Self-efficacy was by far the construct with most scales. Most scales were not specifically developed with samples of people with addictions. From a methodological standpoint, current literature jeopardizes the validity of generalizations about how voluntariness functions and is measured in people with and without a drug addiction. From the standpoint of social psychology, the study of voluntariness remains anchored in an individualistic orientation to the study of cognition and behavior, thus calling for greater crosstalk between psychology subspecialties.
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