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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 11, 2025

Translaminar Autonomous System Model for the Modulation of Intraocular and Intracranial Pressure in Human Donor Posterior Segments
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Normal-tension glaucoma is associated with cognitive impairment.

Sean Mullany1, Lewis Xiao2, Ayub Qassim2

  • 1Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia seanmullany@gmail.com.

The British Journal of Ophthalmology
|March 30, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) is linked to cognitive impairment, more so than high-tension glaucoma (HTG). This suggests shared disease pathways between NTG and dementia, impacting cognition.

Keywords:
degenerationepidemiologyglaucomaintraocular pressure

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Last Updated: Nov 11, 2025

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neurology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Recent research indicates a potential link between normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) and dementia.
  • This study aimed to compare the association of cognitive impairment in NTG versus high-tension glaucoma (HTG).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if cognitive impairment is more strongly associated with NTG compared to HTG.
  • To explore shared pathoaetiological features between NTG and dementia.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control cross-sectional study was conducted with 290 participants (144 NTG, 146 HTG) aged ≥65.
  • Cognitive screening was performed using the Telephone Version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (T-MoCA), adapted for visual impairment.
  • Cognitive impairment was defined as a T-MoCA score <11/22.

Main Results:

  • Cognitive impairment was significantly more prevalent in the NTG cohort compared to the HTG cohort (OR=2.2; p=0.030).
  • No significant differences were found in baseline demographics or ocular parameters between the NTG and HTG groups.
  • A non-statistically significant trend suggested lower absolute T-MoCA scores in the NTG group.

Conclusions:

  • The study demonstrates an association between normal-tension glaucoma and poorer cognitive function.
  • Findings support the hypothesis of shared disease mechanisms and etiological factors between NTG and dementia.