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Related Concept Videos

Proteomics01:33

Proteomics

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A proteome is the entire set of proteins that a cell type produces. We can study proteomes using the knowledge of genomes because genes code for mRNAs, and the mRNAs encode proteins. Although mRNA analysis is a step in the right direction, not all mRNAs are translated into proteins.
Proteomics is the study of proteomes' function. It involves the large-scale systematic study of the proteome to denote the protein complement expressed by a genome. Scientist Mark Wilkins coined the term...
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Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 11, 2025

Quantitative Mass Spectrometric Profiling of Cancer-cell Proteomes Derived From Liquid and Solid Tumors
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Genomic, Transcriptomic, and Proteomic Profiling of Metastatic Breast Cancer.

Argun Akcakanat1, Xiaofeng Zheng2, Christian X Cruz Pico3

  • 1Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.

Clinical Cancer Research : an Official Journal of the American Association for Cancer Research
|March 30, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Molecular profiling of metastatic breast cancer (MBC) reveals actionable alterations. Genomic and transcriptional analysis shows tumor evolution, highlighting the need for personalized therapy selection in MBC.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genomics
  • Translational Medicine

Background:

  • Metastatic breast cancer (MBC) presents a significant clinical challenge with limited curative options.
  • Personalized therapy approaches are increasingly important for managing MBC.
  • Understanding molecular alterations in MBC is crucial for developing targeted treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To perform molecular profiling of metastatic breast cancer (MBC) tumors.
  • To identify actionable genetic alterations and study their evolution.
  • To explore potential targets for personalized therapy in MBC.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of DNA, RNA, and functional proteomics in 62 MBC patients.
  • Targeted exome sequencing of 41 tumors and matched primary/metastatic samples.
  • RNA sequencing of 33 matched primary and metastatic samples.

Main Results:

  • Common alterations include TP53 (51%) and PIK3CA (49%).
  • Emerging biomarkers like NF1 (15%), PTEN (10%), and ARID1A (15%) were identified.
  • Discordances in actionable alterations were observed between primary and metastatic tumors, including NF1 loss and acquired ESR1 mutations.

Conclusions:

  • Molecular profiling of MBC identifies numerous actionable alterations.
  • Genomic and transcriptional profiling reveals tumor heterogeneity and target evolution.
  • Optimizing molecular testing and integrated analysis is essential for MBC treatment selection.