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Short-Range Nematic Fluctuations in Sr_{1-x}Na_{x}Fe_{2}As_{2} Superconductors.

Shan Wu1,2, Yu Song1,2, Yu He1

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Physical Review Letters
|March 30, 2021
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Summary

Short-range nematic fluctuations, characterized by a small nematic correlation length, may enhance superconductivity in iron-based superconductors. This study quantifies nematicity in Sr$_{1-x}$Na$_{x}$Fe$_{2}$As$_{2}$ using inelastic X-ray scattering.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Quantum Materials

Background:

  • Superconductivity in iron-based superconductors arises from complex interactions between magnetic order, nematic fluctuations, and the superconducting state.
  • Understanding the interplay between these phenomena is crucial for developing new superconducting materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between nematic fluctuations and superconductivity in hole-doped Sr$_{1-x}$Na$_{x}$Fe$_{2}$As$_{2}$ single crystals.
  • To quantify the nematic susceptibility and nematic correlation length using inelastic X-ray scattering.

Main Methods:

  • Inelastic X-ray scattering (IXS) was employed to measure in-plane transverse acoustic phonons.
  • A novel analysis method was used to extract nematic susceptibility (χ$_{nem}$) and nematic correlation length (ξ).

Main Results:

  • The underdoped sample (x=0.36) exhibited a short nematic correlation length (ξ∼10 Å) and large nematic susceptibility, coexisting with magnetic order.
  • The optimally doped sample (x=0.55) showed weaker phonon softening, indicating reduced nematic correlation length and susceptibility.

Conclusions:

  • Short-range nematic fluctuations appear to correlate positively with superconductivity in these materials.
  • The nematic correlation length is a key parameter for understanding the physics of iron-based superconductors.