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Detecting flying insects using car nets and DNA metabarcoding.

Cecilie S Svenningsen1, Tobias Guldberg Frøslev2, Jesper Bladt3

  • 1Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Biology Letters
|March 31, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Flying insect monitoring using car-mounted nets and DNA metabarcoding effectively sampled diversity across Denmark. This method revealed new species and highlighted lower insect richness in urbanized areas.

Keywords:
COIDNA metabarcodingcar netscitizen scienceinsect diversitymass collected insects

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Entomology
  • Biodiversity Monitoring

Background:

  • Monitoring insect populations is complex due to their extensive diversity.
  • Traditional methods struggle to cover large spatial scales efficiently.
  • Need for scalable and cost-effective biodiversity assessment tools.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of car-mounted nets combined with DNA metabarcoding for large-scale flying insect sampling.
  • To assess flying insect richness and diversity across different biogeographic regions and land cover types in Denmark.
  • To compare DNA metabarcoding results with existing insect occurrence data.

Main Methods:

  • Deployment of 365 car-mounted nets across 218 routes in Denmark during June 2018.
  • Collection of insect bulk samples by 151 volunteers during two daily intervals.
  • Analysis of insect DNA using metabarcoding to determine taxonomic composition.

Main Results:

  • Detected 15 out of 19 known flying insect orders in Denmark, with a notable abundance of Diptera.
  • Observed significantly lower insect richness and diversity in urbanized areas compared to other land cover types.
  • Identified 319 species previously unrecorded in Denmark and 174 species listed on the Danish Red List.

Conclusions:

  • Car-mounted nets and DNA metabarcoding provide a robust methodology for large-scale flying insect fauna assessment.
  • The method is effective in identifying new species and assessing conservation status across broad geographic areas.
  • Potential biases towards certain insect orders, common to many sampling techniques, should be considered.