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Prefrontal contributions to action control in rodents.

Stefanie Hardung1, Zoe Jäckel1, Ilka Diester2

  • 1Optophysiology, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Biology, Freiburg, Germany.

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Summary

The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) influences action control through cognitive processes and direct motor control, particularly movement inhibition on a single-trial level.

Keywords:
Action controlConnectionist modelDeadline modelDualist modelElectrophysiologyMotor cortexOptogeneticsPrefrontal cortexTime scales

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Motor Control

Background:

  • The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is recognized for its role in cognitive functions like decision-making and working memory, operating on slower timescales.
  • However, the mPFC also exerts direct motor control, influencing actions on faster, single-trial timescales.

Purpose of the Study:

  • This chapter focuses on the less-explored role of the mPFC in direct motor control, specifically movement inhibition.
  • It aims to elucidate the mechanisms and anatomical underpinnings of mPFC's influence on motor actions.

Main Methods:

  • Discussion of theoretical models of prefrontal-motor cortex interactions.
  • Analysis of the impact of different behavioral paradigms on mPFC function.
  • Review of empirical evidence demonstrating mPFC involvement in action control.

Main Results:

  • The mPFC modulates action control at both cognitive and motor levels.
  • Evidence supports the mPFC's direct involvement in movement inhibition on a rapid, single-trial basis.
  • Specific anatomical connections between the mPFC and motor cortex are crucial for this function.

Conclusions:

  • The mPFC plays a critical role in rapid motor control, including movement inhibition, beyond its known cognitive functions.
  • Understanding these prefrontal-motor interactions is key to comprehending adaptive behavior and motor disorders.