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Extraintestinal salmonellosis
1Public Health Laboratory, Fazakerley Hospital, Liverpool.
Abstract:
Between 1969 and 1984, 6564 non-typhoid salmonella strains were isolated at the Liverpool Public Health Laboratory of which 194 (3.0%) were from extraintestinal sites. Blood (34%) and urine (32%) isolates accounted for two-thirds of these, with the remainder being recovered from pus and inflammatory tissue (23%), bone (5%), cerebrospinal fluid (5%) and sputum (3%). Certain serotypes tended to cause more invasive disease than others, i.e. Salmonella choleraesuis, S. dublin, S. london, S. virchow and S. panama: this association for S. london has not previously been described. The spectrum of disease caused by non-typhoid strains was broad. This survey confirms the importance of non-typhoid salmonellas as occasional causes of invasive disease and local sepsis outside the gastrointestinal tract.
Insights
Non-typhoid Salmonella can cause invasive infections beyond the gut, frequently appearing in blood and urine. Certain serotypes, like Salmonella london, are linked to more severe invasive disease.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Non-typhoid Salmonella are known pathogens, primarily associated with gastrointestinal infections.
- Extraintestinal manifestations of non-typhoid Salmonella infections are less common but can be severe.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the incidence and sources of extraintestinal non-typhoid Salmonella isolates.
- To identify specific Salmonella serotypes associated with invasive extraintestinal infections.
- To describe the spectrum of diseases caused by these pathogens outside the gastrointestinal tract.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 6564 non-typhoid Salmonella strains isolated between 1969 and 1984.
- Categorization of isolates based on origin (intestinal vs. extraintestinal sites).
- Serotyping of isolates to identify specific Salmonella strains.
Main Results:
- 3.0% (194/6564) of isolates were from extraintestinal sites.
- Blood and urine were the most common extraintestinal sources (34% and 32%, respectively).
- Serotypes Salmonella choleraesuis, S. dublin, S. london, S. virchow, and S. panama were associated with more invasive disease, with S. london being a novel finding.
Conclusions:
- Non-typhoid Salmonella are occasional but significant causes of invasive disease and local sepsis outside the gastrointestinal tract.
- Surveillance of Salmonella isolates is crucial for understanding the epidemiology of invasive infections.
- Specific serotypes demonstrate a propensity for causing invasive extraintestinal disease.