Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

1.1K
Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune...
1.1K
Sleep-Wake Cycles01:24

Sleep-Wake Cycles

2.1K
Sleep is an essential physiological process vital to maintaining overall well-being. The reticular activating system (RAS), a network of neurons in the brainstem, regulates wakefulness and sleep. While it may seem passive, sleep consists of distinct cycles, each with its unique characteristics and functions. Two key sleep phases are non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and  rapid eye movement (REM).
NREM Sleep
NREM sleep comprises four progressive stages that seamlessly merge:
2.1K
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder01:15

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder

742
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) is a sleep disorder characterized by the absence of muscle paralysis that normally occurs during the REM phase of sleep. This absence allows individuals to physically act out their dreams, which are often vivid and disturbing. Common behaviors exhibited during episodes include kicking, punching, and yelling. These actions can be dangerous, potentially leading to injuries for the person with RBD or their bed partner.
RBD is significantly associated with...
742
Narcolepsy01:07

Narcolepsy

284
Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder characterized by pervasive, uncontrolled sleepiness and other sleep disturbances. One of its hallmark symptoms is an abrupt transition to REM sleep upon falling asleep, which causes symptoms typically associated with this phase to occur unexpectedly during wakefulness. These include the following symptoms, which typically last from a minute or two to half an hour.
284
Disorders of the Nervous Tissue01:28

Disorders of the Nervous Tissue

2.2K
Nervous tissue is a vital component of the human body's communication system, enabling us to perceive and respond to stimuli. However, like all other tissues, it is vulnerable to disorders and diseases that can significantly impact our neurological functioning.
Homeostatic Imbalances:
Alzheimer's disease manifests as a gradual decline in memory and cognitive abilities, attributed to the buildup of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain.
Parkinson's disease arises from the...
2.2K
Restless Leg Syndrome and Night Terrors01:27

Restless Leg Syndrome and Night Terrors

311
Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS), also known as Willis-Ekbom disease, is a neurological disorder characterized by an uncontrollable urge to move the legs due to uncomfortable sensations. These sensations typically occur during periods of rest or inactivity, particularly when lying down or sitting, and can severely disrupt sleep.
The exact cause of RLS is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve dopamine, a neurotransmitter that helps regulate muscle movement. Imbalances in dopamine levels...
311

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The Prodromal Synucleinopathy Rating Scale: An Assessment in Patients With REM Sleep Behavior Disorder.

Neurology·2026
Same author

Overnight sleep features and next-morning brain metabolism in older adults.

Sleep medicine·2026
Same author

Heart rate and vascular responses to spontaneous arousals following experimental sleep restriction.

American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology·2026
Same author

Ru-SATED scale and Sleep Health Index: A systematic review of two leading multidimensional sleep health measures and frameworks across the globe.

Sleep medicine reviews·2026
Same author

Proceedings From the Minnesota Learning Health Systems Symposium: The Role of Academic Partnership and (De)Implementation Science.

Mayo Clinic proceedings·2026
Same author

Discordance Between Striatal Dopaminergic Imaging and Motor Performances in REM Sleep Behavior Disorder.

Neurology open access·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 11, 2025

Induction and Diverse Assessment Indicators of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
06:19

Induction and Diverse Assessment Indicators of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Published on: September 9, 2022

4.0K

Sleep Disturbances Associated with Neurological Autoimmunity.

Michelle F Devine1,2,3,4,5, Erik K St Louis6,7,8,9,10

  • 1Mayo Clinic Center for Sleep Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA. devine.michelle@mayo.edu.

Neurotherapeutics : the Journal of the American Society for Experimental Neurotherapeutics
|March 31, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Neurological autoimmunity is increasingly linked to sleep disorders like narcolepsy. Sleep testing may offer objective biomarkers to aid in diagnosing and monitoring autoimmune neurological conditions.

Keywords:
AutoimmunityDiagnosisNeurological autoimmunityPolysomnographySleep disordersTherapy.

More Related Videos

Determining Immune System Suppression versus CNS Protection for Pharmacological Interventions in Autoimmune Demyelination
09:38

Determining Immune System Suppression versus CNS Protection for Pharmacological Interventions in Autoimmune Demyelination

Published on: September 12, 2016

12.5K
Author Spotlight: Novel Assay for Studying B-Cell Responses in Multiple Sclerosis Research
05:55

Author Spotlight: Novel Assay for Studying B-Cell Responses in Multiple Sclerosis Research

Published on: December 1, 2023

1.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 11, 2025

Induction and Diverse Assessment Indicators of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
06:19

Induction and Diverse Assessment Indicators of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Published on: September 9, 2022

4.0K
Determining Immune System Suppression versus CNS Protection for Pharmacological Interventions in Autoimmune Demyelination
09:38

Determining Immune System Suppression versus CNS Protection for Pharmacological Interventions in Autoimmune Demyelination

Published on: September 12, 2016

12.5K
Author Spotlight: Novel Assay for Studying B-Cell Responses in Multiple Sclerosis Research
05:55

Author Spotlight: Novel Assay for Studying B-Cell Responses in Multiple Sclerosis Research

Published on: December 1, 2023

1.1K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimmunology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Emerging evidence highlights significant associations between sleep disorders and neurological autoimmunity.
  • Immune-mediated causes are proposed for conditions such as narcolepsy, Kleine-Levin syndrome, and Morvan syndrome.
  • Sleep disturbances are common in autoimmune neurological syndromes but often overlooked due to more critical symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of sleep disorders in neurological autoimmunity.
  • To identify potential objective biomarkers from sleep testing for autoimmune neurological conditions.
  • To understand the impact of neurological autoimmunity on sleep patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on sleep disorders and neurological autoimmunity.
  • Analysis of sleep manifestations associated with specific neural-specific antibody biomarkers.
  • Discussion of potential utility of sleep testing modalities (polysomnography, REM sleep muscle activity, CSF hypocretin-1).

Main Results:

  • Sleep dysfunction is described in association with numerous neural-specific antibodies (e.g., IgLON5, LGI1, CASPR2, NMDA-receptor, GABA-B-R).
  • Sleep testing may provide objective biomarkers for diagnosis, monitoring treatment response, and tracking disease progression in autoimmune neurological disorders.
  • Distinctive sleep findings could support autoimmune diagnoses.

Conclusions:

  • Sleep testing holds potential as a diagnostic and monitoring tool in neurological autoimmunity.
  • Further comprehensive characterization of sleep disturbances is crucial for understanding their link to autoimmune neurological diseases.
  • Recognizing and studying sleep manifestations can improve patient care in neuroimmunology.