Different methods for assessing gestational weight gain and its association with birth weight
Roberta Gabriela Pimenta da Silva Araújo1, Silvana Granado Nogueira da Gama1, Denise Cavalcante de Barros1
1Fundação Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Summary
Different methods for assessing gestational weight gain effectively identify risks for babies born small for gestational age (SGA) and large for gestational age (LGA). These findings aid in better pregnancy monitoring and outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine
- Public Health
Background:
- Accurate assessment of gestational weight gain (GWG) is crucial for monitoring fetal growth and identifying potential adverse outcomes.
- Existing methods for GWG assessment vary, necessitating a comparison of their effectiveness in identifying deviations from optimal fetal growth.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the association between different gestational weight gain assessment methods and the incidence of live births small for gestational age (SGA) and large for gestational age (LGA).
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 11,000 women with normal pre-pregnancy BMI, singleton pregnancies, and gestational age at delivery ≥28 weeks.
- Data were sourced from the 'Birth in Brazil' study conducted between 2011 and 2012.
- Gestational weight gain was assessed using the Brandão et al., Institute of Medicine (IOM), and Intergrowth methods.
Main Results:
- Prevalence of excessive weight gain varied by method: 33.1% (Brandão et al., IOM) and 37.9% (Intergrowth).
- Insufficient GWG was associated with increased odds of SGA (ORs ranging from 1.52 to 1.56) across all methods.
- Excessive GWG was associated with increased odds of LGA (ORs ranging from 1.53 to 1.65) across all methods.
Conclusions:
- The Intergrowth and Brandão et al. methods are viable alternatives to IOM recommendations for identifying SGA and LGA.
- These findings support the use of standardized GWG assessment methods for improved clinical practice and fetal outcome prediction.
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