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Updated: Nov 10, 2025

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Fracture Apparatus Design and Protocol Optimization for Closed-stabilized Fractures in Rodents
Published on: August 14, 2018
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Bone Morphogenic Protein for Upper Extremity Fractures: A Systematic Review.
Alexis B Sandler1, John P Scanaliato2, Sorana Raiciulescu3
1George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
Summary
Bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs) 7 and 2 effectively treat upper extremity nonunions, particularly in the hand/wrist and humerus. While BMP-7 shows longer healing times, both BMPs offer acceptable complication rates for fracture healing.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedics
- Regenerative Medicine
- Biomaterials
Background:
- Upper extremity nonunions present a significant clinical challenge.
- Bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs) are investigated as a therapeutic option for promoting bone healing.
Approach:
- A systematic review of 26 studies analyzed the efficacy of BMP-7 and BMP-2 in treating upper extremity nonunions.
- Data on union rates, healing times, and complications were pooled and analyzed.
Key Points:
- BMP-7 demonstrated high union rates for hand/wrist (95%) and humerus (74%) nonunions, with an average healing time of 232 days.
- BMP-2 showed promising union rates for hand/wrist (71%) and humerus (75%) nonunions.
- BMP-7 treatment resulted in longer radiographic union times compared to BMP-2, though complication rates were similar.
Conclusions:
- Both BMP-7 and BMP-2 are effective adjuncts for achieving union in upper extremity nonunions, especially for humerus and hand/wrist fractures.
- BMPs offer an acceptable complication profile for fracture healing.
- Treatment success and healing times vary by BMP type and fracture location.
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