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Profiling Maternal Behavior Responses During Whole-Brain Imaging
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"Motherese" Prosody in Fetal-Directed Speech: An Exploratory Study Using Automatic Social Signal Processing.

Erika Parlato-Oliveira1,2,3, Catherine Saint-Georges3,4, David Cohen3,4

  • 1School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.

Frontiers in Psychology
|April 1, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pregnant women use "prenatal motherese" with their fetuses, a form of emotional speech detected via audio analysis. This prenatal communication is linked to fetal movement perception and maternal depression levels.

Keywords:
fetal-directed speechmachine learningmother-fetus interactionmothereseprenatalsocial signal processing

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Area of Science:

  • Perinatal psychology
  • Developmental linguistics
  • Speech analysis

Background:

  • Motherese, or emotional infant-directed speech (IDS), is characterized by affective prosody and signals caregiver-infant interaction quality.
  • Previous research has focused on IDS post-birth, with limited understanding of prenatal communication patterns.
  • Automatic analysis methods can detect prosodic characteristics of IDS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether pregnant women communicate with their fetuses using motherese.
  • To determine if prenatal emotional fetal-directed speech (e-FDS) can be detected and analyzed.
  • To explore the impact of maternal anxiety, depression, and obstetrical status on fetal-directed speech.

Main Methods:

  • An observational study involving 35 pregnant women (26-38 weeks gestation) recruited from a university hospital.
  • Audio recordings of women speaking to their fetuses for 3 minutes were collected.
  • Recordings were analyzed using both expert psycholinguistic annotation and objective computational methods.

Main Results:

  • 89% of mothers reported speaking to their fetuses, with speech onset correlating with the first perception of fetal movements.
  • Motherese prosody, termed prenatal motherese or e-FDS, was detected by both analysis methods.
  • While not associated with overall anxiety or obstetrical status, increased maternal depression correlated with reduced fetal-directed speech.

Conclusions:

  • Fetal-directed speech (FDS) containing motherese-like prosody (e-FDS) is detectable during pregnancy, earlier than previously assumed.
  • Prenatal motherese appears linked to maternal perception of fetal movement and depression scores.
  • Further research is required to validate these exploratory findings on prenatal communication.