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Neutrophil in Reverse Migration: Role in Sepsis
Jingjing Ji1,2, Jie Fan1,3,4
1Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
Abstract:
Sepsis is life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. During the development and progression of sepsis, polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) are the most abundantly recruited innate immune cells at sites of infection, playing critical roles in the elimination of local infection and healing of the injury. PMN reverse migration (rM) describes the phenomenon in which PMNs migrate away from the inflammatory site back into the vasculature following the initial PMN infiltration. The functional role of PMN rM within inflammatory scenarios requires further exploration. Current evidence suggests that depending on the context, PMN rM can be both a protective response, by facilitating an efficient resolution to innate immune reaction, and also a tissue-damaging event. In this review, we provide an overview of current advancements in understanding the mechanism and roles of PMN rM in inflammation and sepsis. A comprehensive understanding of PMN rM may allow for the development of novel prophylactic and therapeutic strategies for sepsis.
Insights
Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) play key roles in sepsis. Understanding PMN reverse migration (rM) mechanisms is crucial for developing new sepsis treatments.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Pathophysiology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Sepsis involves organ dysfunction from a dysregulated host response to infection.
- Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) are critical innate immune cells recruited to infection sites.
- PMN reverse migration (rM) is a process where PMNs move from inflammation sites back into circulation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current understanding of PMN reverse migration (rM) mechanisms.
- To explore the dual role of PMN rM in inflammation and sepsis.
- To highlight the potential of PMN rM knowledge for novel sepsis therapies.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on PMN migration and reverse migration.
- Analysis of studies investigating PMN rM in inflammatory conditions.
- Synthesis of evidence regarding PMN rM's impact on sepsis outcomes.
Main Results:
- PMN rM can be protective by resolving inflammation or damaging by contributing to tissue injury.
- The functional role of PMN rM is context-dependent.
- Mechanisms underlying PMN rM are complex and require further elucidation.
Conclusions:
- Understanding PMN rM mechanisms is essential for sepsis research.
- Targeting PMN rM could lead to new prophylactic and therapeutic strategies for sepsis.
- Further investigation into PMN rM is warranted to improve sepsis management.
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