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Related Experiment Video

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Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases
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Age-Related Differences in White Matter: Understanding Tensor-Based Results Using Fixel-Based Analysis.

Shannon Kelley1, John Plass1, Andrew R Bender2

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.

Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
|April 1, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Aging causes widespread white matter (WM) changes. Fixel-based analysis reveals these age-related WM differences are linked to fiber complexity and specific microstructural alterations in the brain.

Keywords:
agingdiffusionfixeltensorwhite matter

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Aging impacts cerebral white matter (WM) structure.
  • Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) metrics like fractional anisotropy (FA) offer limited insight into complex WM changes.
  • Fixel-Based Analysis (FBA) provides a more detailed approach to studying WM microstructure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate age-related differences in cerebral white matter using FBA.
  • To clarify the neurobiological underpinnings of WM alterations observed with DTI in aging.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized FBA on DTI data from 45 older and 25 younger healthy adults.
  • Analyzed age-related changes in white matter microstructure, including fiber density and cross-section.

Main Results:

  • Widespread age-related FA differences were associated with multi-fiber complexity, indicating changes in crossing fibers.
  • FBA identified frontolimbic regions with significant age-related effects.
  • Distinct microstructural changes included reduced fiber density in tracts like the corticospinal tract and forceps minor, and altered fiber cross-section in the cingulum bundle.

Conclusions:

  • FBA offers a more nuanced understanding of age-related white matter changes than traditional DTI metrics.
  • Aging affects white matter through alterations in fiber density and cross-section, particularly in frontolimbic pathways.
  • These findings provide specific insights into the microstructural basis of brain aging.