Sudden cardiac death: epidemiology, pathogenesis and management

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Public Health

Background:

• Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a leading cause of death in Western countries, accounting for a significant portion of cardiovascular disease mortality.
• Approximately half of all coronary heart disease patients experience mortality due to SCD.
• Despite its prevalence, recent advancements have led to a decrease in SCD incidence.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review established and novel screening methods for patients at risk of SCD.
• To discuss current and emerging treatments and preventive strategies for SCD.
• To explore the impact of new technologies on SCD management.

Main Methods:

• Review of established and emerging literature on SCD screening, prevention, and treatment.
• Analysis of current epidemiologic trends and pathogenetic mechanisms.
• Description of advancements in molecular autopsy, genetic testing, target temperature management, ECMO, CPR, and ICDs.

Main Results:

• The article provides a comprehensive overview of SCD epidemiology and pathogenesis.
• It details advancements in diagnostic tools like molecular autopsy and genetic testing.
• It highlights the role of therapeutic interventions including target temperature management, ECMO, CPR, and various types of ICDs.

Conclusions:

• Ongoing research and technological innovation are crucial for further reducing SCD mortality.
• A multi-faceted approach involving risk stratification, early detection, and advanced interventions is key to managing SCD.
• The integration of new technologies promises improved patient outcomes and prevention strategies for sudden cardiac death.