Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 10, 2025
08:21
A Modified Two Kidney One Clip Mouse Model of Renin Regulation in Renal Artery Stenosis
Published on: October 26, 2020
5.2K
Renin Cells, the Kidney, and Hypertension
Maria Luisa S Sequeira-Lopez1, R Ariel Gomez1
1Departments of Pediatrics and Biology, Child Health Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia.
Circulation Research
|April 1, 2021
Summary
Renin cells are crucial for development, blood pressure regulation, and tissue repair. This review explores how renin cells maintain their identity and plasticity, and how dysfunction leads to kidney disorders.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Cell Biology
- Physiology
Background:
- Renin cells are vital for homeostasis, development, and defense against threats.
- During development, they contribute to renal arterial tree morphogenesis.
- In adults, they regenerate glomeruli and regulate blood pressure, fluid balance, and perfusion.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review mechanisms controlling renin cell differentiation and fate.
- To examine chromatin events governing renin phenotype memory and plasticity.
- To explore how chronic renin cell stimulation impacts intrarenal arteries and contributes to kidney disorders.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of renin cell biology.
- Analysis of differentiation and fate-determining pathways.
- Examination of chromatin modifications and plasticity mechanisms.
Main Results:
- Renin cells possess plasticity, retaining memory to regain phenotype under stress.
- Chronic stimulation can lead to intrarenal artery hypertrophy.
- Alterations in renin cell fate contribute to severe kidney disorders.
Conclusions:
- Understanding renin cell regulation is key to maintaining kidney health.
- Dysregulation of renin cell fate has significant pathological consequences.
- Further research into renin cell plasticity may reveal therapeutic targets for kidney disease.
Related Concept Videos
01:33Hormonal Regulation
34.8K
The renin-aldosterone system is an endocrine system which guides the renal absorption of water and electrolytes, thus managing blood pressure and osmoregulation. Activation of the system begins in the kidneys with a small cluster of cells adjacent to the afferent and efferent blood vessels of the renal corpuscle. As the nephrons are filtering blood, juxtaglomerular cells monitor blood pressure. If they detect a decrease in pressure, they release the hormone renin into the bloodstream.
34.8K
01:13Introduction to Urinary System
6.2K
The urinary system consists of two kidneys, two ureters, the urinary bladder, and the urethra.
The kidneys are bean-shaped organs located in the retroperitoneal space, on either side of the vertebral column, between the T12 and L3 vertebrae. They are partially protected by the rib cage and surrounded by perirenal fat, which provides cushioning. They are responsible for urine formation and play critical roles in regulating blood pressure, electrolyte levels, and hormone production. The ureters...
The kidneys are bean-shaped organs located in the retroperitoneal space, on either side of the vertebral column, between the T12 and L3 vertebrae. They are partially protected by the rib cage and surrounded by perirenal fat, which provides cushioning. They are responsible for urine formation and play critical roles in regulating blood pressure, electrolyte levels, and hormone production. The ureters...
6.2K
01:30Antihypertensive Drugs: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
1.9K
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), a vital component of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, is abundant in lung endothelial cells. ACE converts the inactive decapeptide, angiotensin I, into the active octapeptide, angiotensin II. This potent vasoconstrictor narrows blood vessels, increasing resistance to blood flow and elevating blood pressure. Angiotensin II also stimulates aldosterone production, encouraging kidney cells to reabsorb more sodium and water from urine, thereby increasing...
1.9K
01:17Hormonal Regulation of Blood Pressure
5.1K
Endocrinal or hormonal intervention in the cardiovascular system is predominantly exerted by the catecholamines - epinephrine and norepinephrine, as well as a slew of hormones that interact with renal function to modulate blood volume.
Epinephrine and Norepinephrine
The adrenal medulla releases epinephrine and norepinephrine, catecholamines that enhance and extend the sympathetic or "fight or flight" physiological response. These hormones escalate heart rate and the force of contraction...
Epinephrine and Norepinephrine
The adrenal medulla releases epinephrine and norepinephrine, catecholamines that enhance and extend the sympathetic or "fight or flight" physiological response. These hormones escalate heart rate and the force of contraction...
5.1K
01:25Antihypertensive Drugs: Direct Renin Inhibitors
979
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is an intricate physiological pathway involving numerous enzymes and hormones, including renin, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensin I and II, and aldosterone. Imbalances within this system increase the production of angiotensin II and aldosterone. Increased angiotensin II levels promote vasoconstriction and blood pressure elevation. Concurrently, higher aldosterone levels stimulate sodium and water reabsorption in the kidneys,...
979
01:18Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure
3.4K
Hypertension, the most common cardiovascular disease, is diagnosed through repeated measurements of elevated blood pressure. Its risks, including damage to the kidney, heart, and brain, are directly proportional to blood pressure levels. Starting from 115/75 mm Hg, the risk of cardiovascular disease doubles with each increment of 20/10 mm Hg. The diagnosis relies on blood pressure measurements, not on patient symptoms, as hypertension is often asymptomatic until end-organ damage is imminent or...
3.4K