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Health-related quality of life of perinatally HIV-infected young people: a longitudinal study

A M Ter Haar1, M Van den Hof1, H J Scherpbier1

  • 1Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, Netherlands.

AIDS Care
|April 1, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Young people perinatally infected with HIV (pHIV) maintain good health-related quality of life (HRQOL) over five years, similar to HIV-uninfected peers. High-quality healthcare and HRQOL monitoring are key for sustained well-being in pHIV youth.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Quality of Life Research

Background:

  • Young individuals perinatally infected with HIV (pHIV) face risks to their health-related quality of life (HRQOL).
  • Previous studies indicated no overall HRQOL difference between pHIV and HIV-uninfected (HIV-) youth, but a higher prevalence of impaired HRQOL in the pHIV group.
  • The NOVICE-cohort provided initial insights into neurological, visual, and cognitive performance in HIV-infected children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To longitudinally compare the change in HRQOL over a 5-year period between young people perinatally infected with HIV (pHIV) and HIV-uninfected (HIV-) controls.
  • To assess HRQOL trends in adolescents and young adults with perinatal HIV infection.
  • To evaluate the long-term impact of perinatal HIV on quality of life in a well-characterized cohort.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL)™ 4.0 for repeated HRQOL assessments.
  • Compared HRQOL scores between pHIV and HIV- groups at two time points, approximately five years apart.
  • Employed Linear Mixed-Effects Models (LMEM) to analyze changes in HRQOL over time, controlling for covariates.

Main Results:

  • At baseline (mean age 13.1 years), pHIV youth scored higher on Emotional functioning and Total scale score compared to HIV- controls.
  • After five years (mean age 17.6 years), pHIV youth continued to score higher on most PedsQL scales, excluding Social functioning.
  • No significant differences in the change of HRQOL over time were detected between the pHIV and HIV- groups across any PedsQL scales.
  • pHIV participants did not differ significantly from the general Dutch population norm on HRQOL at either assessment point.

Conclusions:

  • Young people with perinatal HIV receiving high-quality healthcare, including HRQOL monitoring, demonstrate sustained good HRQOL into adolescence and young adulthood.
  • Longitudinal data suggest that effective management of perinatal HIV infection supports favorable quality of life outcomes.
  • The findings underscore the importance of comprehensive care in maintaining the well-being of youth living with HIV.

Keywords:
Perinatal HIV infectionadolescentschildrenhealth-related Quality of life

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