Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Primary and Secondary Growth in Roots and Shoots03:02

Primary and Secondary Growth in Roots and Shoots

59.0K
Vascular plants, which account for over 90% of the Earth’s vegetation, all undergo primary growth—which lengthens roots and shoots. Many land plants, notably woody plants, also undergo secondary growth—which thickens roots and shoots.
59.0K
Meristems and Plant Growth02:36

Meristems and Plant Growth

48.0K
Plants grow throughout their lives; this is called indeterminate growth, and it distinguishes plants from most animals. Although certain parts of plants stop growing (e.g., leaves and flowers), others grow continuously—like roots and stems.
48.0K
Regulation of Transpiration by Stomata02:04

Regulation of Transpiration by Stomata

29.8K
During photosynthesis, plants acquire the necessary carbon dioxide and release the produced oxygen back into the atmosphere. Openings in the epidermis of plant leaves is the site of this exchange of gasses. A single opening is called a stoma—derived from the Greek word for “mouth.” Stomata open and close in response to a variety of environmental cues.
29.8K
Role of Microtubules in Cell Wall Deposition01:02

Role of Microtubules in Cell Wall Deposition

2.7K
Microtubules are small hollow tubes in eukaryotic cells. The cell wall microtubules are polymerized dimers of two globular proteins, α-tubulin and β-tubulin, two globular proteins. With a diameter of about 25 nm, microtubules are the widest components of the cytoskeleton. They help the cell resist compression and provide a track along which vesicles move through the cell or pull replicated chromosomes to opposite ends of a dividing cell. Microtubules go through quick cycles of...
2.7K
Cell Signaling in Plants01:25

Cell Signaling in Plants

5.9K
Plant cells communicate to coordinate their cycle of growth, flowering and fruiting, and activities in roots, shoots, and leaves in response to the changing environmental conditions. Plant signaling is distinct from animal signaling. Plants primarily utilize enzyme-linked receptors, whereas the largest class of cell-surface receptors in animals are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Unlike animals, receptor tyrosine kinases are rare in plants. Instead, plants have a diverse class of...
5.9K
Gene Regulation During Sporulation01:17

Gene Regulation During Sporulation

196
Sporulation is a complex developmental process that allows certain Gram-positive bacteria, such as Bacillus subtilis and Clostridium species, to survive extreme environmental conditions. This process is tightly regulated by a series of signaling cascades and transcriptional controls, ensuring the formation of a highly resistant endospore.Sporulation is triggered by unfavorable conditions, such as nutrient depletion, and is governed by a phosphorelay system. One of the sensor kinases, such as...
196

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Rewiring of auxin and MAPK signaling is associated with contrasting shoestring and fern-like manifestations in ToBRFV-A134T-infected tomato.

Frontiers in plant science·2026
Same author

Radial versus femoral access for coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary interventions in critically ill patients.

Journal of anesthesia, analgesia and critical care·2026
Same author

Dyspnea as a marker of prognosis in immunocompromised patients with acute respiratory failure.

Annals of intensive care·2026
Same author

Large language model-generated versus teacher-written objective structured clinical examination stations for medical students: a blinded comparative pilot study.

Journal of educational evaluation for health professions·2026
Same author

Effects of out-of-bed armchair positioning on oxygenation in spontaneously breathing ICU patients receiving respiratory support: a randomized controlled trial.

Intensive care medicine·2026
Same author

CsRDR1b and CsRDR1c genes in Cucumis sativus are crucial for plant defense against virus and oomycete co-infection.

Scientific reports·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 10, 2025

An Induction System for Clustered Stomata by Sugar Solution Immersion Treatment in Arabidopsis thaliana Seedlings
04:32

An Induction System for Clustered Stomata by Sugar Solution Immersion Treatment in Arabidopsis thaliana Seedlings

Published on: February 15, 2019

6.0K

Sucrose promotes stem branching through cytokinin.

Bolaji Babajide Salam1,2, Francois Barbier3, Raz Danieli1

  • 1Department of Postharvest Science, The Volcani Center, ARO, Rishon LeZion, Israel.

Plant Physiology
|April 1, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Sugars promote potato shoot branching by increasing cytokinin (CK) levels and vacuolar invertase (VInv) activity. This study reveals a sugar-CK-VInv pathway essential for bud outgrowth, impacting plant architecture.

More Related Videos

A Flexible Low Cost Hydroponic System for Assessing Plant Responses to Small Molecules in Sterile Conditions
11:27

A Flexible Low Cost Hydroponic System for Assessing Plant Responses to Small Molecules in Sterile Conditions

Published on: August 25, 2018

11.1K
Multipronged Phenotyping Approaches to Characterize Sugarcane Root Systems
09:21

Multipronged Phenotyping Approaches to Characterize Sugarcane Root Systems

Published on: August 17, 2022

1.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 10, 2025

An Induction System for Clustered Stomata by Sugar Solution Immersion Treatment in Arabidopsis thaliana Seedlings
04:32

An Induction System for Clustered Stomata by Sugar Solution Immersion Treatment in Arabidopsis thaliana Seedlings

Published on: February 15, 2019

6.0K
A Flexible Low Cost Hydroponic System for Assessing Plant Responses to Small Molecules in Sterile Conditions
11:27

A Flexible Low Cost Hydroponic System for Assessing Plant Responses to Small Molecules in Sterile Conditions

Published on: August 25, 2018

11.1K
Multipronged Phenotyping Approaches to Characterize Sugarcane Root Systems
09:21

Multipronged Phenotyping Approaches to Characterize Sugarcane Root Systems

Published on: August 17, 2022

1.4K

Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Plant Physiology
  • Agricultural Science

Background:

  • Shoot branching significantly influences plant architecture, affecting overall plant biology and agricultural yield.
  • Sugars are known to induce shoot branching in various plant species, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood.
  • Understanding sugar's role in shoot branching is crucial for improving crop productivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanism by which sugars induce shoot branching in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.).
  • To investigate the relationship between sugar supply, cytokinin (CK) accumulation, and vacuolar invertase (VInv) activity in bud outgrowth.
  • To identify key molecular players in sugar-mediated lateral bud development.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized detached potato stems under etiolated conditions for controlled experiments.
  • Applied sucrose feeding to stems to induce bud outgrowth and analyzed biochemical changes.
  • Employed cytokinin synthesis and perception inhibitors to assess CK's role.
  • Generated and analyzed vacuolar invertase (VInv) mutants using genome editing.
  • Measured cytokinin accumulation and VInv gene expression.

Main Results:

  • Sucrose feeding to potato stems led to increased cytokinin (CK) accumulation and vacuolar invertase (VInv) expression.
  • Cytokinin (CK) application alone induced bud outgrowth and VInv activity, even without sucrose.
  • Inhibitors of CK synthesis and perception blocked sucrose-induced effects.
  • Bud outgrowth induced by CK was significantly reduced in VInv mutants.
  • Identified a novel branching-promoting module involving sugar, CK, and VInv.

Conclusions:

  • Sugar-induced shoot branching in potato is partially mediated by the induction of cytokinin (CK)-dependent vacuolar invertase (VInv) activity.
  • This study reveals a critical sugar-CK-VInv signaling pathway that regulates lateral bud outgrowth.
  • The findings provide new insights into the physiological regulation of plant architecture and offer potential targets for crop improvement.