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Next-generation Sequencing

Next-generation Sequencing

The first human genome sequencing project cost $2.7 billion and was declared complete in 2003, after 15 years of international cooperation and collaboration between several research teams and funding agencies. Today, with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, the cost and time of sequencing a human genome have dropped over 100 fold.
Next-Generation Sequencing Methods
Although all next-generation methods use different technologies, they all share a set of standard features....

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APOL1 at 10 years: progress and next steps.

Barry I Freedman¹, Jeffrey B Kopp², Matthew G Sampson³

¹Section on Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.

Kidney International

|April 1, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

APOL1 kidney risk variants significantly drive kidney disease in individuals of African ancestry. Research is advancing understanding of APOL1-associated nephropathy, its mechanisms, and potential therapies.

Keywords:

APOL1 African Americans apolipoprotein L1 chronic kidney disease glomerulosclerosis trypanosomiasis

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Area of Science:

Nephrology
Genetics
Evolutionary Biology

Background:

APOL1 kidney risk variants (RVs) identified in 2010 are key contributors to kidney disease in individuals with sub-Saharan African ancestry.
The "APOL1 at Ten" conference convened to assess a decade of research progress and remaining challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

To summarize advancements in understanding APOL1 kidney risk variants.
To discuss ongoing controversies and future research directions in APOL1-associated nephropathy.

Main Methods:

Review of research presented at the "APOL1 at Ten" conference.
Discussion of evolutionary, clinical, molecular, and therapeutic aspects of APOL1 kidney disease.

Main Results:

Progress in understanding the evolution of APOL1 RVs, influenced by trypanosome infection.
Characterization of clinical phenotypes and molecular mechanisms of APOL1-associated nephropathy.
Exploration of APOL1 genotyping and novel therapeutic strategies.

Conclusions:

Further research is needed to refine APOL1 RV phenotypes in patients and models.
Dissecting APOL1-mediated cellular injury pathways and gene-environment interactions is crucial.
Evaluating existing and novel therapies for APOL1 kidney disease remains a priority.