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Basic 7S globulin in plants.

Hisashi Hirano1

  • 1Advanced Medical Science Research Center, Gunma Paz University, Shibukawa 1338-4, Shibukawa, Gunma 377-0008, Japan; Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Showa 3-39-15, Maebashi 371-8512, Japan.

Journal of Proteomics
|April 1, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Soybean seed 7S globulin (Bg7S)-like proteins have diverse functions beyond storage, including pathogen defense and potential health benefits in humans. Their evolution and function differ between legumes and other plants, with peas showing a unique evolutionary path.

Keywords:
Basic 7S globulinLeginsulinPA1bPlant functional proteins/peptidesγ-Conglutin

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Area of Science:

  • Plant biochemistry
  • Molecular biology
  • Evolutionary biology

Background:

  • Soybean seed basic 7S globulin (Bg7S)-like proteins are widespread in plants, initially recognized for seed storage roles.
  • These proteins exhibit diverse functions, including stress response, antibacterial activity, and hormone receptor-like activity.
  • Functional divergence exists between Bg7S proteins in legumes and non-legumes, notably concerning interactions with leg-insulin.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the multifunctional nature of Bg7S-like proteins.
  • To investigate the evolutionary divergence of Bg7S proteins in legumes versus other plant groups.
  • To highlight the unique absence of Bg7S homologs in peas and its evolutionary implications.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of Bg7S protein functions across plant species.
  • Examination of interactions between Bg7S and leg-insulin in legumes.
  • Bioinformatic identification of Bg7S homologs in various plant genomes.

Main Results:

  • Bg7S proteins in non-legumes primarily inhibit pathogenic microorganisms.
  • Legumes possess leg-insulin, a peptide interacting with Bg7S, suggesting distinct evolutionary pathways.
  • Peas lack Bg7S homologs, indicating a unique evolutionary trajectory compared to other legumes.
  • Emerging evidence links Bg7S to human health, including blood glucose, blood pressure, cholesterol, and anti-cancer effects.

Conclusions:

  • Bg7S-like proteins display significant functional and evolutionary divergence across the plant kingdom.
  • The interaction with leg-insulin in legumes points to specialized roles not found in non-legumes.
  • The absence of Bg7S in peas suggests a distinct evolutionary history for this crop.
  • Further research into Bg7S functions may reveal novel therapeutic applications for human health.